Collection Development and Management

Question: Talk about the Collection Development and Management. Answer: Presentation An association is a relationship of people, which together make a fruitful organization. Independent of the size of the association, it is very fundamental to outline the objectives of the association, both for the people and for the group all in all (Campbell, Jardine and McGlynn 2016). Each fruitful association has a proficient pioneer who examinations its qualities and shortcomings, in this way furnishing the relationship with the best procedures and arrangements to be executed and outline a precise structure for future projections (Maister 2012). Contingent on this content, in this examination, cell suppliers, an organization having a place with the media communications industry of United States, has been dissected. I am the tasks chief of the organization, and in this way it is very significant for me to examine the administration and monetary objectives of the organization. In this report I have organized the objectives of the firm, recognized the key execution markers, outline the work designs and deal with the association alongside the work life balance. Foundation of the association Cell suppliers was at first shaped under the sole ownership of Jason Sanderson. The organization targets developing in the remote correspondences industry so as to make a business opportunity for its administrations and frill. The organization has been effective in giving the best support of its clients with the assistance of better innovative usage. The association has a world class supervisory crew with direct information on the business. It has had the option to achieve research understanding and one of a kind managerial abilities. The organization targets both business and purchasers. They have had the option to present creative items and contributions which subsequently gives the best inventive item and administrations that raise the upsides of the clients alongside the profitability of the association. The association is ten years of age, in this manner coming to a yearly salary of 80 million. The organization presents smooth and creative phones models, text and numeric paging, information ability, no wandering or landline association charges, and significantly more. Different patterns drive the development of the business, which in this way incorporates publicizing exertion, systems, innovative advances, remote checking and information and video transmission. Cell Providers is endeavoring to turn into the country's driving wholesaler of cell administration and embellishments. Cell Providers' vision exploits innovatively prevalent items and benefits and is intended to improve business and individual correspo ndence. The budgetary goals of the association is to boost the income of the association where Cellular Providers is right now looking for subsidizing in the measure of $100,000 to expand piece of the pie, opening up extra retail stores, employing extra staff, and successfully publicizing and advancing its administrations. The organization utilizes different evaluating and elevating approaches so as to actualize its arrangements to accomplish the business objectives. Individual and term objectives Activities administrator of an association manages different administration and budgetary portions of the association. I am the tasks director of cell suppliers. Different obligations should be actualized under my job. So as to outline the anticipated piece of the association along these lines empowering the progression of incomes and benefits in the association, I have broke down the five most fundamental objectives of the firm. These objectives could be expressed as: These objectives that have been broke down are the imperative parts of the association. These objectives would be very helpful for the association in breaking down its future possibilities, which would improve the authoritative structure and take a stab at the crucial the organization (Hwang and Ng 2013). Key execution markers Key execution markers is an evaluator which helps in breaking down whether the objectives that are surrounded by the association are being followed or not. The key execution pointers are proficient so as to investigate the exhibition of the association (Nicholls 2014). In this specific circumstance, this segment manages the proportion of the association objectives with the assistance of key execution markers and the techniques for how the presentation would be kept up by the organization. Proportion of objectives With regards to examining the exhibition f the association and estimating the condition of execution of the objectives that has been expressed, I have broke down three key execution pointers. The pointers for this reason as follows : Measure of deals created by the association in a range of 9 months Benefit earned by the nation in four fourth of the monetary year subsidizing help from other monetary bodies and organizations These three recorded key execution markers has been deliberately encircled by the association so as to assess the presentation of the organization to accomplish their objectives. Measure of deals created by the association in a range of 9 months would help in investigating the exhibition of the organization concerning the objectives of ad lib of items and surpasses in deals. The second key marker is by the benefit earned by the organization in a range of four quarter in an association. This would help in investigating the targets of the association alongside the net revenue to be gotten to of the organization. The third marker, subsidizing help from other monetary bodies and organizations would help in achieving the record of the strategical partnerships to be confined by the organization. These whole three key execution markers would effectively investigate the development of cell suppliers. Upkeep of execution So as to accomplish the positive comments on the key execution markers of the association, it is very essential fro the association to set the methodologies in such a way in this way, that the objectives are accomplished by the association quit effectively (Zepeda 2012). An activities chief is assume to manage different unsettling influences in the work environment of the association. Being the chief of the association, breaking down the circumstances, recognizing the issues and surrounding the answer for such issue must be done precisely. I should improve the operational frameworks, procedures and approaches on the side of associations crucial, bolster better administration detailing, data stream and the executives, business process and authoritative arranging. My center must be to oversee and build the adequacy and effectiveness of Support Services (HR, IT and Finance), through upgrades to each capacity just as coordination and correspondence among help and business capacities (Johnson 2014). It is very essential to take care of the monetary administration of the association alongside arranging framework and controls. On the off chance that the colleagues are not satisfactory with respect to the goals of the work to be done, it ought to be my oblig ation to step up to the plate and make it understood for them to actualize the work and look for targets. Consumer loyalty may get upset because of some terrible encounters they had increased through the organization. It must be significant for the group all in all to actualize different procedures and methods to hold the fulfillment of the clients. As a supervisor of the association, inspiration must be never really individuals alongside approaches being made to different other accomplice organizations to conquer the issue of monetary battles of the association (Blandford 2012). Oversee individual characteristics at work My qualities are that I am a helper, acceptable relational aptitudes and a vital examiner though, my shortcoming is that I don't discuss much with all the degree of workers of the association. Being a decent help, it is very gainful for me to rouse the representatives and respond the destinations of the association to them, by furnishing them with the activity to execution better (Fullan 2014). I have great relational abilities alongside being a vital investigator, which encourages me to break down the circumstance better a d thinking of the best cures. With my downside of not speaking with all the degrees of people in the association, there has been some complicacies before. It is very effective to speak with the people of the association that would assist me with gaining their trust and raise their steadfastness towards the organization. Organizing work objectives Among the five work objectives that have been broke down before, I organize two objectives among them as the fundamental objectives of the firm. These two would be effective enough to interlink the other three objectives and raise the profitability of the association in general. These organized objectives are as per the following : Ad libbed items in the market Overall revenue Work plans Work movement Depiction Objective KPIs Time span Individual capable Uncommon arrangements for clients. Uncommon administrations to the clients must be rendered, that would furnish them with limits, additional advantages of bringing new clients and occasional prizes for being a dependable client. An activity must be taken to give them the best alongside these additional advantage. This would help in holding the clients to the association. Ad libbed items in the market Measure of deals produced by the association in a range of 9 months 9 months Tasks director Usage of trend setting innovation and better nature of items to be delivered. Proficient innovative usage alongside better estimating methodology can improve the situation of cell suppliers . Net revenue Benefit earned by the nation in four fourth of the money related year One year (four quarters) Activities supervisor Positive good example Keeping up positive job of the pioneer of the association is very fundamental. A tasks supervisor ought to be a decent

Advertisement Analysis American Beauty Free Essays

Since the time human advancement started, patterns have mingled bunches on the best way to dress, think, and act; it turns into a flat out need to help whatever is stylish or chance exclusion. Current organizations make promoting in American media by following these social patterns. Regardless of whether it is through periodicals, radio, or the almighty TV these organizations utilize viable techniques to mentally persuade their target group to purchase either an item or administration. We will compose a custom exposition test on Promotion Analysis: American Beauty or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now These promotions flawlessly reflect how Americans see sex, economic wellbeing, and sexual orientation jobs. A prime case of this idea is a TV plug by Old Spice requesting scented body wash to ladies with sweethearts or spouses. The attempt to seal the deal starts with an appealing dark male in a restroom pretentiously asserting predominance over each woman’s noteworthy other including that men commit an error in their body wash which is really purchasing something besides Old Spice. The setting unexpectedly changes to a yacht adrift where the on-screen character charms his female crowd with show passes and precious stones. The entertainer at that point unhesitatingly guarantees that on the off chance that their men smell like Old Spice also, at that point the sky is the limit. As a last note, he haphazardly admits that he is on a pony as an infectious jingle plays out of sight. This business is very viable in offering to ladies by making a cliché sentimental man to fill in as a sales rep. The commercial passes on the idea that ladies may be fulfilled if their men are extremely alluring as well as can give a way of life of unending extravagance utilizing humor, subliminal guarantees of accomplishment, and the Old Spice man himself. Amusingness is the most unequivocal device this promotion utilizes in speaking to the crowd being over the top to create positive feelings inside every watcher. The most evident model is the way presumptuous the Old Spice man is in his introduction of the item. It is diverting how he pompously corrupts other men for their utilization of â€Å"lady scented body wash† and how they shockingly can't be him. The Old Spice man’s introduction is so self important yet smooth one really want to be delighted. Unconstrained scene changes from a restroom to a yacht to on a pony are likewise ludicrously comical on the grounds that they are irregular. The positive feelings evoked by humor are urgent so as to sell an item. In the wake of viewing the amusing business positive sentiments reemerge at whatever point somebody sees a similar item inside a store; the chances that they will purchase Old Spice body wash over another brand become exceptionally high. This idea uncovers that in American culture individuals appreciate humor. Cleverness can give varieties to a dreary way of life just as satisfy individuals. A great many people don't effectively try to be discouraged so on the off chance that cleverness can prompt entertainment, at that point individuals will effectively look for uplifting feedback. The essayists of the Old Spice business comprehend the significance of diversion and fuse it with selling their own cleanliness item so individuals will mentally relate the two together. The relationship of a passionate reaction with a substantial item isn't remarkable with notices since it is a compelling method to sell on a psyche level. By joining pictures of materialistic riches, for example, a yacht, jewels, and horseback riding on a sea shore Old Spice advances to the American want to have boundless riches. On the commercial, the Old Spice man erroneously guarantees that â€Å"anything is conceivable if your man smells like Old Spice† as he has incredible body and is encircled by different types of materialistic riches. To ladies the commercial subliminally suggests that in the event that they purchase Old Spice body wash it is workable for their men to claim a yacht, precious stones, and horseback ride on a tropical sea shore. The business needs to summon sentiments of want and partner them with their item so individuals will get it. For white collar class Americans, the segment bunch whom the ad principally targets, it is entirely conceivable to accomplish an agreeable standard of riches having the option to in the end resign and carry on with a way of life the way they please. A great many people don't effectively look to become down and out in this manner commercials carefully don't depict the Old Spice man as destitute in a canal utilizing body wash to smell clean. The relationship of their item with negative symbolism would bring about poor item deals since emotions evoked by symbolism like silliness append to an item in the psyches of watchers. Understanding human brain science is vital in requesting an item. The advertisement’s most integral asset in standing out toward Old Spice body wash is sexual intrigue in light of the fact that inside American culture sex is a touchy point regularly thought to be no-no in preservationist groups of friends. The Old Spice man radiates enough certainty to be viewed as pompous, has overwhelming appeal, and has a hot body according to ladies; he is the prime example of a sentimental darling. The Old Spice man is purposely positioned in the notice to divert ladies from settling on a totally reasonable choice in purchasing the individual cleanliness item. The genuine message the business makes is to explicitly purchase Old Spice body wash yet the item isn't presented until an entire ten seconds after the commercial starts with the appealing man directing ladies to â€Å"look at your man, presently back to me† multiple times. What ladies truly watch is a sentimental dream with the man their man can resemble on a pontoon showered with extravagance endowments. The promotion mirrors the social conviction that ladies desire for an alluring and rich man; it additionally plays on the racial generalization that men of African drop are explicitly blessed by the gods being that the Old Spice man is dark. For men explicitly Old Spice suggests that it will make them increasingly attractive according to ladies smelling not, at this point like a woman however a man. This idea exhibits how amazing sex bid is in the commercial typified by the Old Spice man himself. Old Spice needs to make their item explicitly attractive so it will sell. Without the component of sex numerous items would not sell just as they directly do in light of the fact that there is no unequivocal want connected. Individuals like sex. All the more explicitly, individuals long to turn out to be explicitly alluring and if an item can make a guarantee to do so individuals will get it. It is surely known that organizations make promotions to offer their item to make a benefit. So as to stand apart among the opposition promotions play on the brain research of focused watchers by making references to humor, deluding data, and sex. In American culture sex is the most impressive due to how sex is socially seen as disgusting or licentious while being a lot of instilled inside society. It is to retailer’s advantage that an item conveys an extra name past its planned use in view of how individuals like to think they are getting more with what they pay for. It tends to be extremely simple for purchasers to succumb to ploys by ads; they are Venus fly snares set to get their next prey. Step by step instructions to refer to Advertisement Analysis: American Beauty, Papers

Prof. Jeff Karp and his gecko-inspired band-aid

Prof. Jeff Karp and his gecko-inspired band-aid Update on 8/19/2008: Prof. Jeff Karp has been recognized as one of Technology Reviews Top 35 Innovators Under 35 for 2008. The metallic blue hue of morpho butterflies, the super water-resistant Lotus leaf, the highly maneuverable fins of the Bluegill sunfish: all of these natural wonders have inspired scientists to innovate. When a group of MIT researchers wanted to create the next and best surgical band-aid, they turned their attention to the gecko. Geckos can scale smooth walls at a whopping three feet per second, and in last decade scientists have begun to understand how these little lizards can defy gravity. It turns out that gecko feet have millions of little projections, called setae, that split into hundreds of projections shaped like spatulas. Each of these tips can attach to smooth surfaces by taking advantage of intermolecular forces, which are individually relatively weak and unstable but can combine to generate enough force to allow a gecko to hang upside-down from one foot. The initial discovery of the science behind the gecko’s stickiness (Nature 405, 681-685 (8 June 2000)) got a lot of attention, and people proposed applications like making tape to stick equipment to the space station. But Prof. Jeffrey Karp, an investigator in the Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology program, came up with a different application when he happened to come across the Nature paper on a friend’s desk. He decided to create a better surgical adhesive by mimicking the nanotopography of the gecko’s foot using a strong, water-resistant, flexible, and biodegradable polymer. This innovation would be as simple to use as a band-aid, and would be a huge improvement upon current biomedical adhesives like medical-grade crazy glue that causes inflammation and other, less sticky alternatives. Like all things, this was easier said than done. Two and half years and a million dollars later, Karp and his collaborators had made a new polymer called poly(glycerol-co-sebacate acrylate), created a mold for the polymer using the same processes that are used to make computer chips, utilized some tricks to make the polymer biodegradable and nearly invisible to the immune system, and tested these nifty band-aids on pig intestine in the lab and in the peritoneal cavity of live rats. Lo and behold, it worked! Karp attributes the success of the gecko adhesive project to a multidisciplinary team that included nanofabrication experts from Draper Laboratory, Surgeons and biocompatibility experts from the Massachusetts General Hospital, and polymer chemists and mechanical engineers at MIT. They’re now working on taking this invention into the clinic, where it can be used to replace stitches and sutures. Since the gecko-inspired adhesive does not require repeated re-alignment of the tissue being patched together, it can reduce the time a patient spends in surgery. Additionally, it can be utilized to connect pieces of the colon in patients with Crohn’s disease, or to patch lungs without worrying about air leaks, or even to deliver drugs to parts of a heart that might have died after a heart attack. If all goes well, this bio-inspired adhesive will be found in a hospital near you in less than five years. The translation from bench to bedside is what Jeff Karp’s all about. He focuses on attacking big problems and has a strong commitment to developing solutions that will help patients. Prof. Karp knew that he wanted to be a bioengineer in college, and decided to study Chemical Engineering at McGill University in order to have the opportunity to learn and practice problem solving and also leave the door open to many career paths. As an undergrad, he was actively involved with research and even published a paper. After getting a PhD at the University of Toronto, he came to MIT as a postdoctoral researcher to work in the world-renown lab of biomedical engineer and Institute Professor Robert Langer. (We’ve written about him numerous times on these blogs, including Paul’s experiences with working there. How are Langer Lab alums so successful? Karp attributes it to Langer’s inspirational leadership, his freedom of thought, and creativity.) Like his role-model, Karp strives to train the next generation of bioengineering leaders. As such, he has many undergraduates and high school students working in his lab. He tries to have 5-10 undergrads in the lab at any given time, and this summer he will be mentoring three high school students who will be coming to MIT from all over the country. In fact, he was recognized as MITs 2008 UROP Faculty Mentor of the Year! I spoke with one of his UROPs, Shan Tie ‘10, who said she found the lab through the UROP website: “I looked under the project openings and looked for titles that were relevant to my interests and were interesting. I had several interviews with different labs and I finally decided this one because the [Principal Investigator] seemed really personally involved with each project and work itself dealt with techniques I was familiar with and could continue a project.” Since the fall of 2007, she has been studying hydrogel polymers that could be used as micro-environm ental sensors. For all of you who fret about not having research experience, have no fear. Dr. Karp hires freshman very frequently and says that experience is not a limiting factor. In particular, he tries to find students who have motivation, drive, passion, the ability to work in a team (e.g. experience on a sports team), and creativity (e.g. mastery of an instrument). Once students join the lab, he pairs them with a senior scientist and encourages them to develop their own experiments, learn from their failures, and regularly exercise critical thinking. Karp referred to a friend who called Boston the “Academic Hollywood,” where stars in every field could be found. With three of the top hospitals in the world and some of the best universities, Boston is the perfect place to conduct interdisciplinary research that will change the face of medicine, science, and technology. Projects like the gecko-inspired surgical adhesive are a testament to the strength of the faculty and students at MIT, and you can be a part of it!

Preferences - 865 Words

Assignment 1: Preferences By: Professor Name: Course Title: Introduction to Psychology 105 Date: Briefly describe your like or dislike (one to two (1-2) sentences). My dislike is pubic speaking; it has been a very difficult thing to do throughout my entre life. Public speaking is some what terrifying to me and I would try to run the other way every time. Describe the subfield (e.g., cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, psychoanalytic psychology, etc.) you believe is best suited for providing psychological insight into your preference (the fact that you like or dislike the thing you do) and why you believe it is so. I would choose Experimental psychology for my subfield. I believe it would relate†¦show more content†¦Over time I have tried many different ways to over come these feelings. I have tried taking a course on public speaking and through out the class I learned several techniques. Which really help and I do try to take then into consideration. But I realize over time when I was taking the course I became comfortable with my classmates which made it easier for me. So when it was time for me to do it in front of a completely different group I had the same feelings all over again. I also tried taking medication prescribed by my doctor to help with the panic attacks but I did not like the way it made me feel and sometimes I would forget to take it. But it did control the feelings that I was having but to a cretin point I felt as though those feelings still over powered the medication. So I have learn to do a combination of these techniques and also try to do breathing exercise and think of positive things. It’s more of a state of reinforcing everything that I have learned and trying to condition myself to a better stat of mind. Reference Baron, R. A., Kalsher, M.J. (2008). PSY 105:Introduction too psychology: Third custom edition (2nd ed.) Boston, MA: Allyn BaconShow MoreRelatedPreference Assessment748 Words   |  3 PagesPreference Assessment Assignment Student Background Brandon R. is a 12 year old male diagnosed with Autism. He presents no fine or gross motor issues. He does show many delays and deficits in language and social skills. Brandon likes interacting with age appropriate peers and has many age appropriate likes and dislikes. Part 1: Develop a reinforcer menu To develop a reinforcer menu for Brandon, I observed him during free choice time, asked his mother for input, and I asked him directlyRead MoreAccommodation Preferences4209 Words   |  17 PagesLength Research Paper The students’ degree of preference for residence hall facilities and amenities, study of a developing country Fatemeh Khozaei1*, Ahmad Sanusi Hassan1 and T Ramayah2 1 School of Housing Building and Planning, Universiti Sains, Malaysia. 2 School of management, Universiti Sains, Malaysia. Accepted 15 June, 2011 The main purpose of this study was to explore the degree of university residence hall students’ preferences for some facilities and amenities. With a caseRead MorePredicting Preferences1636 Words   |  7 PagesPredicting Preferences Prediction involves making a statement concerning the likely value of an event or action uncertain or unknown at the time of the statement. Since the theory of probability, (inaugurated by the French mathematicians Blaise Pascal and Pierre Fermat in 1654), was developed to quantify uncertain events in terms of their likelihood of occurrence, formal prediction is now viewed as a mathematical topic involving probabilistic modeling. Indeed, the mathematician Karl Pearson saidRead MoreEssay On Color Preferences932 Words   |  4 PagesMore often than not, teachers and day care providers who design centers or classrooms do not take in account the preferences of the children that are to be attending these facilities (Read Upington, 2009) The study â€Å"Young Children’s Color Preferences in the Interior Environment† by Marilyn A. Read and Deborah Upington (2009), was done to find out and highlight colour preferences in interior environments, in the case of child developme nt centers. (Read Upington, 2009) Designs of these centersRead MoreA Study Into Their Feeding Preferences1348 Words   |  6 PagesThe importance of bees to our agriculture merits a study into their feeding preferences. Bees pollinate a large proportion of crops and without them there would be a rapid decline in crop production. The connection between bee feeding preferences and flower pigmentation is examined using Viola cornuta. Three color variations were used including dark violet, light violet, and white flowers. Each variation was observed for ten minutes in one minute intervals and this was repeated in ten different trialsRead MoreEssay on Gender and Music Preference1855 Words   |  8 PagesGender and Music Preference There are so many different forms and genres of music that people admire. Even older genres that have seemed to die out still have fans such as disco or polka. Many researchers discuss why people favor the music that they do. This has been a popular topic in music research considering how important music has become in everyday life. Music is played in the car, on the internet, on cellphones, and even behind commercials on television. It is hard to imagine a world withoutRead MoreFood Preferences : An Integral Part Of Human Culture1495 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship, they often have to learn how to combine two different food cultures into one cohesive unit. Couples who have food preferences that are vastly different may have much more trouble reaching a compromise that leaves both of them happy with their diet, especially if one or both partners is unwilling to try new foods. I hypothesize that couples who share similar food preferences will experience greater relationship satisf action. Additionally, individuals who are open minded about trying differentRead MoreHotel Consumer Preferences Investigation Of The Hotel Industry1800 Words   |  8 Pagesof this study is to understand the hotel consumer preferences investigation of the hotel industry. In order to success develop in the market, attract more new customers and the hotel managers must focus on retaining existing customers to achieve customer satisfaction is an effective policy. For most of travelers the choice of hotel or accommodation is a high priority. So hotel manage need a good understanding of consumers behavior and preferences can assist hotel managers in strategic planning andRead MoreEssay about Sowbugs Preference Lab Report671 Words   |  3 Pagesobserve the trend of sowbug preference. Our hypothesis was that sowbugs prefer grass to sand as a ground covering because grass is more suitable to them due to its moisture level and that it contains decaying matter. In this experiment, we put 20 sowbugs into a container filled half with sand, and half with grass and documented their preference. The results of this experiment show that sowbugs prefer sand to grass. There are many factors that can affect the preference of the bug. Some factors includingRead MoreThe Correlation Between Looking Preferences And Reaching Essay1803 Words   |  8 Pagesbeen formulated on the basis that infants 2 years of age, and even below, have the cognitive capacity to express preference when manipulating objects. Previous research which has been observed shares similar concepts with this current study. This study, conducted by Christopher Newman, Janette Atkinston, and Oliver Braddick (2001) in which the relationship between looking preferences and reaching was explored in infants 5-15 months’ old infants. To be more specific, they used preferential reaching

Modernism In The Great Gatsby - 1728 Words

Modernism in The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby is a novel by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows the story of Jay Gatsby in the Jazz Age of the United States. Although this novel tells a fictional tale, it also gives readers a window into the social and economic environment of America in the time period following World War I. For this reason, The Great Gatsby is considered one of the most important examples of Modernism in American literature. The Modernist themes in this novel come not only in the way of the setting and structure that Fitzgerald uses for his story, but also in the specific characteristics that he gives the main characters. While they all form a part of a larger story, each of the main characters in The Great†¦show more content†¦In order to truly appreciate the way that Fitzgerald shows the postwar environment in his novel, it is important to first understand what the Modernist movement entailed. There were many factors that influenced the Modernist movement, such as the rapid changes that Western society had to face during the late 19th and early 20th centuries and the tragedy of World War I. During this period of time, people came to realize that they could not be certain that the values and customs society had held in the past would go into the future. â€Å"In an era characterized by industrialization, rapid social change, and advances in science and the social sciences, Modernists felt a growing alienation incompatible with Victorian morality, optimism, and convention† (â€Å"Modernism†). In other words, the Modernist movement pushed the belief that the traditions and values of the past were not compatible with the industrialized world, which promised unlimited opportunities for those who were willing to take them; however, even though many individuals found increadible wealth, they also found that wealth itself could not replace the peace-of-mind that come s from living an honest and moral life. It is in this aspect that The Great Gatsby excels at showing the conflicting views on life in the postwar world; in theShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby Modernism1513 Words   |  7 Pagesof modernism in literature is the attack and or decline of The American Dream. The American Dream is the idea that everyone, men, and women, have an equal opportunity to achieve wealth, success and or happiness through determination, and hard work, in other words, the pursuit of happiness. Two writers that illustrate this theme of modernism are F. Scott Fitzgerald, author of The Great Gatsby, and Ernest Hemingway, author of The Sun Also Rises. From the outside, one may think The Great Gatsby isRead MoreModernism in the Great Gatsby1190 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Modernism? This term was usually referred to as the literature era of the 1920’s. During the â€Å"Roaring Twenties†, as most would say, was the time of flappers, gangsters, and the beginning of some of the most renowned literature known to the United States. One of the famous books written in this time was The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1925. Included in the Modernism Era were the focus on trends and the extreme effect materialism makes on the society of the 1920’s. WithRead MoreExamples of Modernism in Fitzgeralds Great Gatsby Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pages Great Gatsby Essay The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald shows many examples of modernism. Fitzgerald shows many modernism techniques like loss of control, alienation, corruption of the American Dream, breaking society’s rules and feeling restless. Fitzgerald also shows modernism through the fragmented writing. One example of a modernism technique that Fitzgerald uses is loss of control. The characters often lose control and make bad decisions thatRead MoreReview Of Francis Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby 1299 Words   |  6 Pagesplaywright, screenwriter, copywriter, and author of short stories. He was truly a trailblazer who paved the way for authors to come. Modernism means a style or movement that aims to break with traditional forms. Fitzgerald wrote during the time period of modernism. Modernism partook primarily in Europe from the early to mid twentieth century. Modernism symbolizes the introduction of new ways to express oneself as well as the separation from traditional ways. One major idea that was corroboratedRead MoreA Modernist Examination of the Good Anna and the Great Gatsby1646 Words   |  7 PagesA Modernist Examination of The Good Anna and The Great Gatsby Modernism is a movement characterized by the re-examination of literary styles, structures, content, and even human existence thought to be standard prior to 1900. The movement was all about looking at things in a new light, and trying to break the mold so long held by society as the norm. This movement took place in art, music, architecture, and as I will further discuss in this paper, literature. In this paper, I will discuss the modernistRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby797 Words   |  4 PagesAs World War I, the Great Depression, and World War II were occurring, America was in a time of uncertainty and questioning. Therefore, in following with the feeling of the American people, American writers often followed this theme of confusion in their writing, creating the age of Modernism. During the time period of Modernism, writers often included the themes of uncertainty, disjointedness, and disillusionment in their works. In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gat sby, these three themes of uncertaintyRead MoreEssay on Modernism at Its Finest in Literature756 Words   |  4 PagesModernism at Its Finest In the beginning of the twentieth century, literature changed and focused on breaking away from the typical and predicate patterns of normal literature. Poets at this time took full advantage and stretched the idea of the mind’s conscience on how the world, mind, and language interact and contradict. Many authors, such as Fitzgerald, Steinbeck, and Twain, used the pain and anguish in first hand experiences to create and depict a new type of literature, modernism. In thisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby And The Harlem Renaissance1594 Words   |  7 PagesRittenhouse CP English 11 Modernism in The Great Gatsby the Harlem Renaissance I hope she ll be a fool — that s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool . . . You see, I think everything s terrible anyhow . . . And I know. I ve been everywhere and seen everything and done everything. (The Great Gatsby, pg. 20) There was a loss of innocence, disillusionment and lack of faith in the American Dream. This became the movement known as Modernism. WWI was the first â€Å"totalRead MoreLost Generation By F. Scott Fitzgerald1396 Words   |  6 Pagesremarkable period, not only economically, socially, culturally and spiritually. American literature grew up to a new level with the advent of such a flow as the Modernism. Modernism Literature reached its peak in America from the 1920s to the 1940s. F. Scott Fitzgerald was one of the most prominent representatives of this genre and entered Modernism in the United States above all as the first exponent of his ideas. In the works of Fitzgerald the topic â€Å"Lost generation† is in di sastrous pursuit of wealthRead MoreWomens Independence, Transcendentalism, and Materialism1029 Words   |  4 PagesModernism, especially during the 1920s, has always been a part of growing culture and literature. Independence, individualism, and materialism are all themes of how modernism affected culture and literature standards. Woman Settlers on the Frontier, Self Reliance, and The Great Gatsby are all literary examples of the development of a modern society. One of the major themes of modernism seen in culture and literature is the breaking of tradition as a self-dependent individual. Women were changing

English- Short Story Analysis Free Essays

Valenzuela Instructor English 101 17 September 2012 Discovering an Identity Self-deliberation arises quicker during the stresses of life. Breaking forth through these stresses comes from the realization that freedom is obtained through the willingness to welcome a new world, leaving behind the past. Mrs. We will write a custom essay sample on English- Short Story Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mallard comes in contact with the experience itself, as she receives news of her husband’s death, Brently Mallard, in an accident. Grieving this pain she encloses herself within the room of her home, knowing no one will follow behind her. Left alone, she embarks on a reflection of her past, realizing the breakage that lies behind her and willingly steps forth to accept the future that lies ahead, foreshadowing the brightness of the identity she longs to discover. In the short story, The Story of An Hour by Kate Chopin, the symbolism of the window’s images support the idea that personal freedom constructs ultimate peace with an identity. Through the use of symbolism, the window was seen to be an image of the possibilities beyond the life she had as a sense of freedom conveyed the very willpower that allowed for her to find an identity. Alone the window has a significance of presenting possibilities to the speaker. â€Å"There stood, facing the window, a comfortable, roomy armchair† (299). Noticing the emphasis of the window being in front of the chair shows a possible escape from the truth the speaker just witnessed. Being invited by a comfortable chair to look through the window only emphasizes more to the point that this sort of reflection is needed, and that through this escape she will feel the freedom at once when she feels alone with herself to wonder. Beyond the window reveals a preview of the life that would complete the image of the life that Mrs. Mallard seeks to obtain. â€Å"She could see in the open square before her house the tops of the trees that were aquiver with the new spring life. The delicious breath of rain was in the air† (299). As Mrs. Mallard spies through the window- â€Å"the open square†- she witnesses the liveliness of spring. Analyzing the context of spring, the idea of rebirth drives through the mind of the speaker, however the connotation of â€Å"spring† can be analyzed much further. Spring can be seen as the liveliness of youth such as the possibilities of exploring sexual freedom as she experiences the rebirth after the loss of her husband. Rain also holds connotations that point towards the ideas of rebirth; through this, Mrs. Mallard smelling the scents of rain reveals a sort of spiritual cleansing, as she reacts towards the death of her husband and reflecting upon it. Because the window presents these images of, symbolically, reliving life, Mrs. Mallard experiences and sees the possibilities that face her ahead of time. This experience for the speaker then suddenly becomes more than just a reflection of the recent news, but a presentation- done by the window- for her to view the life beyond the closed door and suspend herself within the world she never had beyond the married life of her husband. With the presentation of her possibilities for a future, she senses the freedom that lives within her. There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully†¦ she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air† (300). Feeling the window open up into her world, she senses that something beyond the clouds beseeches her to welcome them into her life. This sort of â€Å"monstrous joy† –as described later in the text- demands a welcome from Mrs. Mallard as an initiation towards the revival of her new world. Though she fears the unknown object that she describes, â€Å"†¦she was striving to beat it back with her will- as powerless as her two white slender hands† (300), realizing her weakness while fighting back the possession of the unknown entity, she shows a lack of true interest to fight back knowing that she must submit to the future that lies ahead of her. Through the experience of coming forth and welcoming the fear of moving on, she seeks the freedom presented by the window. Ultimately, a sign of an identity in the end shows her happiness through the imagination of the days that lie ahead of her. Spring days, summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she thought with a shudder that life might be long† (300). Discovering her days are meant to be lived without the intrusion from her husband, she senses that although her life was once the depression of her day, now became the essence of her identity. Living through this ideology, she feels that she can move on through whatever her life brings forth to her, because she would feel as though all was meant to be given to her. She brought this thinking forward even in the end when the surprise of finding her husband unharmed from the accident, which in the end killed her. â€Å"When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease- of joy that kills† (301). The heart disease that had her worried for her life in the beginning of the short story then became the relief that she felt when she left the world to pursue the joy without her husband intruding on her sudden realization of an identity. Heart disease, in the context, reveals itself as the â€Å"joy that kills† emphasizing the discovery of her freedom through the disease that she feared would kill her. Noticing that the identity for herself lied within the freedom that she obtained from her husband, she died to achieve this ultimate peace with the identity she found. Through the use of the symbolism that the images of the window present to Mrs. Mallard, a sense of personal freedom constructs the idealness of obtaining an identity. And in this short story, The Story of An Hour, The breakthrough represents itself through the most peculiar ways. Mrs. Mallard through the story discovered her life was to be relived through the images of the window as they revealed the possibilities that brought forth her true identity. Henceforth, discovering in the end that her husband never allowed her freedom within the marriage by being alive brought forth her breakthrough; Revealing itself through the joys of being set free in death, she is brought to the haven she so desperately desired, growing to be the individual that lives or, in this case, dies without the handcuffed life she lived through with her marriage to Brently Mallard. How to cite English- Short Story Analysis, Essay examples

The Ethical Obligations of Anna-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Prepare a Statement of Services on behalf of Anna. 2.Briefly state what are Annas ethical Obligations as a Migration agent in terms of the Code of Conduct prior to receiving his Professional fees and Disbursements? Answers: 1.A Statement of Services on behalf of Anna Disclosure SUB: Application of the Particulars of Information for the Services of Immigration Dear Mrs. Stella Chen, In accordance with the Code of Conduct a disclosure has been forwarded to you, in which it has been notified that the specified particulars has been coordinated with the service fees that would be provided to you. The fees charges have also been included in the agreement of costs. You are required to make a confirmation of the acknowledgement together with documents of disclosure, where the particulars of the agreement of cost as well as other disclosures have been specified. Under the agreement, the agreement of cost should have a signature and would be returned with the enclosed agreement of Fee. It has also been specified that subsequent to the confirmation of the agreement and the letter we shall carry on for the succeeding process. It is also to inform you that our firm, for all the necessary work, will take every responsibility. In case of the arising of any issue then feel free to contact or get in touch with us with an E-mail. The agreement that will be signed and authenticated must be legitimate, pertaining to law and be obliged with the terms written. It is also vital that you are required to deposit an amount of $1,100.00 for the professional fee that is inclusive of Goods and Services Tax, with the disbursement, for a Resident Return visa, Class BB (subclass 155). In accordance with the 5.3 and 5.2 of the Code of Conduct, in Part V the requirements must be permitted together with the agreement. The details of the Amount are as follows: The Charges of Visa: $00.00 (according to the Immigration Service) The Service of Immigration: $1,100.00 (inclusive of GST) Hence, it is also required to acknowledge or make an identification of the issues in the occasion where it has been dependent on the undisclosed or unforeseen on the materials in the application and the essential in the caution of the agreement shall be taken under the control and if required the we shall do the additional work. Yours sincerely Anna Clooney 2.Ethical obligations as a migration agent The ethical obligations of Anna as a migration agent in terms of the Code of Conduct prior to receiving his professional fees and disbursements The Migration Agents Registration Authority provide the legislations of registration under the Code of Conduct for the purpose of practicing of the agent of Migration. It shall be the responsibility of the registered agent of migration for providing the services and specify regarding the charges that shall be specified in the forms. The fees can also be charged per hour of service provided. The fees and the actual amount shall be stated by the Migration agent in accordance to the service provided. The estimation is entirely dependent on providing of the services. At the present a written statement is also been provided by them, which must specify the charges and together with the code of ethics which does not permit to charge for needless costs to the clients. The Agents of migration holds the responsibility where they shall address with fair cost, where in the agreements the actual instructions along with the detail of services and disclosure of the discharges for every service that will be provided. It has also been provided by the agreement regarding the particulars of the sum amount of total charges, as well as cost. It should reveal all the anticipated Disbursement, billings and charges as well as department fee which is in the agreement. Under Section 5.5 of the Code of Conduct the agent of migration are familiar with the punishments or the penalties that has been imposed by section 313 of the Migration Act, which states that any amount of fees must not be received by them in the service of immigration when the service has not been provided to the client. References Migration Act 1958 Migration Agents Code of Conduct Migration Agents Regulations 1998 Migration Regulations 1994

World Wide Web free essay sample

The web has been a place of refuge for many people from all works of life in the sense that one can virtual find answers or clues to many of the so call questions that one may stumble on regarding ones day to day activities (Walt Howe, 2010) from looking up a friend on Facebook, initiating a date or blind date, reading latest news (even from another countries or continents), making orders and even paying bills. The internet has actually made a lot of things possible, and the pages that are accessed on the web are helped by the technologies that makes up the internet. Arpanet had done a great work providing us with the technologies that can switch packets which helps network data (Lan Peter, 2005). The concept of the web was actually developed after the second world war by researcher who want their works to be accessed by other research across the globe. We will write a custom essay sample on World Wide Web or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Vannevar Bush who many often referenced as the webs theoretical father based on his popular essay at the time which as actually encouraged the developers of internet and the web. (http://www. centerspan. org/tutorial/www. tm) Now looking at the world wide web from its humble beginning to where we stand today one would have to do more than exaggerating when trying to predict what effect the web will have on people in the nearest future. Presently many things can be achieved by the use of the web today, even the content of the database can be may to be displaced in the web and a whole file can be hyperlinked to a web for everyone who visit the web and may want to see the content of the file (Deitel Deitel, 2008). What can we therefore predict about the future effect of the web based on the volumes of documents that are presently available on it today, either to me/us or the children growing or the ones yet to be born? I keep wondering if our children will have to sit within the walls of any classroom to learn whatsoever they need to be learn as many more online tutor and more (simple and easy to learn for dummies) textbooks. I will also want to say that in the nearest future the web will be very light to be able to displace images on any device that is use to access the webs, and the visuals will be great for swift deliveries and more people will no more have to buy news papers as more news will be available on the web for readers. Therefore going by the way the web is growing today and the technologies that are available to us today, I will like to say that the effect of the internet on us all and our children will be great and both the good, the bad and the ugly are there on the world wide web for us all. World Wide Web free essay sample Which region do most of the customers come from Do they contribute the biggest amount of revenue? The answer might tell managers where to focus marketing and sales resources, or pitch different messages to different regions -According to the data we can see the west is the biggest part of customers and amount by 41% with big different from south 23% , east 21% and north 15% so we should look to the lowest parts to see what is the gap of decreasing the percentage of customers and the amount of revenue otherwise , we have to keep going within our service in the west part because its the biggest part of customers and revenue -What form of payment is the most common? The answer could be used to emphasize in advertising the most preferred means of payment. According to the data we can emphasize that PayPal is the most preferred to the customers than Credit payment so that we should give an attention to the PayPal payment and make is more easier and safety for our customers. We will write a custom essay sample on World Wide Web or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Which source of advertisement appears to be more effective? Is it equally more efficient? What does this mean? Compare between which is the best for making the business much work and more purchasing I can make sure that web is more effective than email for business progress. Otherwise ,email can be a away for the business to commentate with the customers because according to some researches showed that not all the people whom are having email going to check up their inbox every day, compare to the web that is because customers feel looking for purchase from web is more faster to them and easier ,but for whom using email have to open their account and click the link to access the web more than that some websites are blocked by email so when you try to move by clicking in the link the web will reject your order . In addition ,in web customers can feel the freedom to move from page to another easier and faster may be some people they don’t give care for these things but some give it care. ow days, the advertisement for any business can be with many social sites such as facebook ,twitter and linked almost everyone has one of these social sites so it can help to discover new webs and business markets. For example I am a customer for Lazada since 2 years already but if you asked me how I got into lazada my answer will be by facebook I liked their post and page after that I can see all the promotion products everyday but if they sent to my email I will never know because I open my email every week times which is very small percentage for me to know the new things in many sites -What is the most popular product purchased? So what? so what? Are there any times of day when purchases are most common? Do people buy products while at work (likely during the day) or at home (likely in the evening) or after midnight? How should this guide future marketing strategies?

Labor Unions And Nursing Essays - Trade Unions In The United States

Labor Unions And Nursing Essays - Trade Unions In The United States Labor Unions And Nursing The American Labor movement in the United States has a history dating back to the beginnings of the industrial revolution. Its existence is due to poor working conditions and exploitation during the beginning of that time. Labor unions have had a long history of using their most powerful weapon, strikes, to fight their battles. Even today, with the diminishing numbers of union members, strikes appear in the news sporadically. History of Labor Unions The first strike is thought to be by printers in Philadelphia in 1786 (Maidment, 1997). Working conditions, pay and benefits were so poor, leaders in the southern United States used them to justify slavery. Their contention was that slaves were treated better than the workers were in the North. (Maidment, 1997) Unions attempt to rectify poor working conditions, pay and benefits through collective bargaining. An individual has very little power when negotiating with an employer, however many individuals, collectively have the power to achieve results through bargaining and negotiating. The ultimate bargaining tool that the collective bargaining unit has is the right to strike. Strikes The United States has the most violent and bloodiest labor history of any industrialized country (Foner, Garraty, 1991). In 1850, police killed two New York tailors while attempting to disperse strikers. These were the first of over seven hundred documented caused by strike-related violence. In 1913, National Guardsmen attacked striking Colorado miners known as the Ludlow Massacre. In 1937, police killed Ten Chicago steelworkers during a strike, which came to be known as the Memorial Day Massacre. More commonly, though, strike related deaths are attributed to lessor known confrontations. Strikes in the United States are generally linked to the business cycle. Strikes are more common when unemployment is low with the lowest strike rate being during the Great Depression. The first American strikes in the late 1700s and early 1800s were by shoemakers, printers, and carpenters led by their trade societies and were generally effective because of the limited labor pool skilled in those trades. The strikers simply refused to work until their pay demands were met. The strikes were generally short, peaceful and successful. Successful litigation by employers inhibited the spread of these strikes and the trade societies. After an economic upturn in the 1820s, strike activity was revived. Throughout the 1800s, strike activity continued to wax and wane based on economic conditions. Women participated in strikes as early as the 1820s. After the Civil War, the labor movement started to more closely resemble todays labor movement. In order to discourage strikes, instead of unilaterally setting wages and striking, unions started negotiating with employers, addressing wages, work rules, hours and grievances. This method of arbitration led to binding contracts between the collective bargaining units and the employers. The Knights of Labor, the most important labor organization of the 1800s, discouraged strikes. Mediation Union leaders, particularly those in the craft unions affiliated with the American Federation of Labor (AFL), continued to question the efficacy of strikes in the early 1900s. Instead of strikes, the craft unions turned to private mediation groups to help settle disputes. In mediation, the third party assists the negotiators in their discussions and also suggests settlement proposals. (Mathis, Jackson, 2000) An expansion of the union movement was created by four years of depression in the 1930s. The violent strikes by autoworkers, truckers, longshoremen and textile workers in 1934 sparked the passage of the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (NLRA). The NLRA is the law governing relations between unions and employers in the private sector. It guarantees the right of employees to organize and to bargain collectively with employers. The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is an independent federal agency created by Congress, which administers the NLRA. Under the direction of the NLRB, strikes continued in the 1940s (after WWII) and while some were very long, most were peaceful. The NLRB saw to it that employers who were legally obligated to bargain with unions, did so. In addition, strikers were given legal protection. In the 1950s the number of strikes dropped sharply, as the relationships between unions and employers became more predictable. The 1960s saw a rise in public employee strikes (teachers, transit workers and other local government workers) and in 1970,

Child psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Child psychology - Essay Example All these factors display the maturity that child attains, physical growth, development of the body, brain and nervous system besides the competence a child bears (Development: Its Nature). This course of sequential changes brings maturity in the development. The psychological impact is seen if there occurs some genetic disorder or any cognitive problem or deprivation of natural developmental process (Development: Its Nature). Early childhood (1 - 3 yrs), is the age of schema, cognition, sensorimotor development, a stage of awareness about object permanence, language development or preoperational stage, building words and conversation are of prime importance. This is the stage when gross and fine motor skills are developed. Growth in this stage is rapid (Development: Its Nature) and therefore nutritional requirement is more for the complete development and must include rich protein diet. In this stage development of autonomous learning and regulated actions are the prime focuses as child starts representing things with words and images but lack logical reasoning (Exploring Child Development). This can be understood with the Piaget's theory of cognitive development. The child is a keen observer at this stage; therefore psychological impact of the environment is more during this stage of development. What child grasps from the environment impacts the personality of the child. For the complete development of the child it is imperative that the child must be engaged in various activities that involve problem solving skills, more conversation must be carried out for the development of language during early childhood (Exploring Child Development). During this stage child develops self-awareness, concept of gender and emotions. Parenting behaviors at this stage directly influences the young child development (Exploring Child Development). Any kind of parental dispute, divorce or broken relationship directly affects young child's development. It is in this stage peer and sibling relationships develop. Congenial and healthy relationships directly influences psychology of the child and fill the child with trust and faith in the relationships. Since grasping is very high in this stage, parents must understand the psychology of the child and should filter the programs on the television as they directly influence the young children's emotional and social development (Exploring Child Development). In the middle childhood (3 - 5 yrs) the growth is somewhat rapid followed by a plateau stage in late childhood (5 - 12 yrs). During this stage improvement in cognitive skills occur, thinking is more abstract, theoretical and hypothetical (De velopment: Its Nature). During this stage many progressive, coherent and orderly changes are observed in a definite direction. These changes are not of the same kind and are in the size, features, intellectual abilities, psychological behavior in the society, communication, logical skills, learning as a result of child's interaction with the environment and maturation in terms of revealing steady opening-up of characters or potentials present in an individual due to genetics or

Political Correctness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Political Correctness - Essay Example There are controversial issues associated with the terminology—those who are â€Å"pro† politically correct, and those who are â€Å"con† politically correct. The â€Å"pro† for changing the language has to do with the need to not have human beings stereotyped. One example of this is the â€Å"hillbilly† and â€Å"redneck† stereotype, which has recently been changed to â€Å"Appalachian Americans,† leaving people from this cultural background now open to scholarships and grants for which they might not have been eligible previously. Arguments abound against this issue, saying that it doesn’t give enough â€Å"freedom of speech† to the public and gives an unfair advantage to those of the political left. In order to remember which is which, think in terms of â€Å"left† as liberal and â€Å"right† as correct and conservative. If that becomes difficult, think of left hand and right hand. Most people see the right hand as the â€Å"correct† hand to use. This concept can be explained with the language used to describe the Indians who are indigenous to North America. It was only in the latter part of the twentieth century that these people were called anything other than Indian. They now are Native Americans in the United States, First Nations and Aboriginals in Canada, and Amerindians or derivatives thereof. None of these are universally used and none are considered exactly â€Å"politically correct.† The politically correctness is found in humor, especially through such comedians as Bill Mahr, who hosted a television show called â€Å"Politically Incorrect.† George Carlin also had a comical routine titled â€Å"Euphemisms. There are comically written books related to this topic. Among them are two of the earlier and famous examples are 1992s Politically Correct Manifesto by Saul Jerushalmy and Rens Zbignieuw X and 1994s Politically Correct Bedtime Stories by James Finn Garner, in which traditional fairy tales are rewritten

Imports of French Wine in China

Imports of French Wine in China Report on French wine from France to China France shared about one third of the import wine market in China. And China is now the fifth biggest export destination for French wine. In Figure 1, we briefly describe the main process of French wine from France to China. Figure 1. Main Process of French Wine Supply chain The supplier in the supply chain is the French vineyard. The manufacturer, winery, purchase the grapes from the vineyard and ship the wine to bottling estate. The French wine import company, as the distributor, import different brands of French wine and then distribute all the French wine to retailers in China such as Carrefour and Walmart. At last, Chinese customers can buy French wine from these retailers. Regarding to the organizational network in this case, wineries or agencies of the import companies play the role of shipper. And the import companies play the role of consignee. At port of arrival, the financial flows are from import companies which is the distributor to the forwarder and bank; from forwarder to customs, inspection authorities, on carriers and shipping line agent; from shipping line agents to port authorities, port services, customs and terminal operators. At port of departure, the financial flows are from shipping line agents to port authorities, customs, port s ervices and terminal operator; from forwarders to insurance companies, pre-carriers and shipping line agents; from wineries or agents of import companies, which are the shippers in this case, to the forwarder. And connect the organizational network in ports of departure together with the network in ports of arrival, the financial flow also exists from banks in ports of arrival to banks in ports of departure and from banks in ports of departure to the wineries or agents of import companies. When it comes to the logistics network, the goods flows generally follow the main process of the supply chain. Wines are bottled by bottling estates and stuffed in empty containers and then transported to the export terminals. Containers with wines then collected and loaded on sea vessels and arrive import terminals. At last, after discharged from sea vessels, wines can be collected by import companies and distributed to retailers. If we put the supply chain processes into a cycle view, the procur ement cycle is between wineries/bottling estates and vineyards/bottles suppliers. The manufacturing cycle is between wineries/bottling estates and French wine import companies. The replenishment cycle is between French wine import companies and retailers such as Carrefour and Wal-mart. And the customer order cycle is between retailers and customers such as restaurants and individuals. On the other hand, if restaurants or other customers place orders directly to the import companies, the import companies bypass the retailer such as Carrefour and Wal-mart, then the customer order cycle will be between customers and import companies, and the replenishment and manufacturing cycle will be between import companies and wineries. If we put the supply chain in a push/pull view, retailers execute the process in the customer order cycle after the customer order arrives. All processes that are part of the customer order cycle are pull processes. And other processes from suppliers to retailers a re push processes because they respond to speculated rather than actual demand. If we also take direct order from customers to import companies into consideration, the push/pull boundary will be between import companies and customers, and import companies will be the actual retailers in this situation. There are several transport activities involve in French wine. First, vineyards ship fresh grapes to the wineries. Second, wineries will use the producing process to brew wine. Third, wines will be transported to bottling estates to subpackage them to wine bottles or just handled by bulk in barrels. Meanwhile, empty bottles and corks are transported to bottling estates for bottling French wines. No matter what kind of packages, bottles or bulk, wine will be loaded to containers. The containers which load wine bottles or barrels will be shipped by sea transport or air transports. Figure 2. Sea transport route from France (Paris) to China (Shanghai) The sea transport route from France (Port Rouen) to China (Shanghai) is mainly through the Suez Canal and showed in Figure 2. After wine arrive at the port, they will be stored in warehouse of distributors. When Distributors received orders from retailors, they will ship the wine to retailors’ warehouse and customers are able to purchase French wines from retailors, just like Wal-mart or the shop of vintner. On the other hand, some big customers, for instance, hotels will give orders directly to the distributors to get French wine and they store wines in their cellar. The main packages used to transport wines are barreled or bottled, they will all be loaded into containers for further sea transport or air way which we mentioned above. However, bottled wines are more popular than bulk ones to individual custumers and restaurants. Due to glass bottles are fragile cargo, transport requirements are undoubtedly more higher than normal goods. Reefer containers are requested for several types of wines to maintain the transport temperature at about 10 degree centigrade, which cause transport costs for wines are higher. For French wines, storage and handling procedure happen in all process of supply chain. The storage of fresh grape in vineyards and wineries. The wines stored during manufacturing procedure and warehouses of distributors and retailors. The main handling process of French wines to China is container ship voyage and showed in figure. After arriving at China port, wines will be discharged from containers and sent to distributors’ wareho use. Finally wines will be delivered to final destination that is retailors’ shops according to retailors’ order. This is the main logistics network design of French wine to China. To assess important supply chain characteristics of French wine to China, we have to understand French wines’ characteristics and their customers. The transport requirements of French wines are high due to the frangibility of glass bottles and a constant temperature is requested in the whole supply chain of French wine. On the other hand, French wines are variable and classified to different levels, from Vin de Table to A.O.C so that target customers are totally different. As a result of that, the uncertainty of French wines to China are higher than normal beverage supply chain, such as fruit juice or bears. From the book of Sunil Chopra and Peter Meindl, supply chain responsiveness including the definitions: â€Å"Respond to wide ranges of quantities demanded; Meet short lead times; Handle a large variety of products; Build highly innovative products; Meet a high service level and Handle supply uncertainty†. Based on Chinese custom reportà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’Chinese imports of wines increased from 2.86 hundred million in 2010 to reach 3.95 hundred million in 2012. French wines share about one of third import wine market of China. The quantities and variety of French wines increasingly raised and their characteristics of high value-added than normal beverage require a higher service level. From the question 3, we estimate the transport and warehousing costs of the final product price which we notice the transport cost of French wine to China are higher than normal beverage like Coca-Cola is about 6% of final price. So supply chain efficiency of French wine supply chain is not great due to costs of manufacturing and delivering to customer is not average compared to other beverage supply chain. â€Å"The Great Wall† wine is a famous wine brand in China which manufacture in Hebei Province and all its supplier is from China. It is very clear that the transport cost, labor cost and material cost are obviously lower than French wines that manufactured in France and bottled in France. And the target market of â€Å"The Great Wall† is focus on the low-end market so that the price of â€Å"The Great Wall† is also lower than some brands of French wines. A normal bottle of â€Å"The Great Wall† retail price in 750 ml is about 3 to 5 euro and a French one is about 10 to 15 euro. According to a Chinese wine information website, the profit of French wines in China is about 30%~50% and Chinese wines are only about 11% which is much lower than French wine. From the aspect of supply chain characteristics, Chinese wines are not like French wines, the brand of Chinese wines are much less and manufactured by only several big companies. Due to focal warehouse and m anufacture with headquarter in China, Chinese wines supply chain can use minimize inventory and pursue the lowest cost of transport. â€Å"The Great Wall† can predict the market more accurate than French wine company and the uncertainty of domestic supply chain is lower. The conclusion is that â€Å"The Great Wall† wine compared to French wine supply chain is less responsive. However, its supply chain efficiency is greater than French brands imported from France. After evaluating the supply chain of French wine from France to China and comparing it with local brands, we conclude that the supply chain has some disadvantages as follows. Firstly, due to the sea transportation part, the transportation costs are much higher for French wine than those for local brands. Secondly, a French wine costomer places greater emphasis not on quantity of the product but the product variety and response time than on cost. So that wineries need to base their competitive strategies on costomer priorities. However, also due to the sea transportation part, wineries may fail to response immediately to costomers’ orders of French wines of different year. For example, once a costomer want one bottle of French wine produced in 2004, and he can’t find it in Carrefour and Wal-mart, he will turn to local brands’ products. To solve this problem, our idea is to build a new vineyard and chateau in China. Through this new strategy design of supply chain, wineries are able to transport French wines by road or railway instead of sea transportation, which can dramatically reduce the transportation costs for wineries. Furthermore, wineries don’t need to cooperate with import companies anymore and take over the role of distributor, which can increase the supply chain ownership. Last but not least, this new supply chain strategy also fit the competitive strategy better since wineries can response immediately to costomers’ priority of product variety. On the other hand, it takes time for wineries to build local vineyard and chateau in China, so they have to keep the old supply chain strategy before the local vineyard and chateau are built. Besides, the investment in China also influence the profit of wineries in the short run. But we believe that the new strategy is much better and it worth the investment in a long run. References Searates database (2015), †Sea Route from Paris to Shanghai†, Searates,  http://www.searates.com/services/routes-explorer/?filter-st=1from=alat=48.856614alng=2.3522219000000177to=blat=31.230416blng=121.473701container= derived in 2015.1.10 Chopra S, Meindl P. Supply chain management. Strategy, planning operation [M]. Gabler, 2007. Weining Du, French Wine Importation and distribution in Shanghai [D]. East China University of Science and Technology, 2010. Xudong Pan, A study on China Coca-Cola Supply Chain Model [D]. Xiamen University, 2002. Anonymous (2012), â€Å"Statistics report about 2012 Import wines†, wine.cn,  http://www.wine.cn/html/201302/17560.html derived in 2015.1.11 Great Wall Wine Staff (2015), â€Å" Brand Introduction of Great Wall Wine†, Great Wall Wine,  http://www.greatwallwine.com.cn/pinpaijieshao.html derived in 2015.1.10

Rastra Bank

Deposit/Credit of Commercial Banks (2001 – 2012) 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Credit Rs. in billion 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Deposit BANKING AND FINANCIAL STATISTICS MID JULY, 2012 NO. 58 NEPAL RASTRA BANK BANK & FINANCIAL INSTITUTION REGULATION DEPARTMENT STATISTICS DIVISIONCONTENTS Explanatory Notes Highlights on Performance of Banks and Non-Bank Financial Institutions List of Tables Class ‘A' – Commercial Banks 1 Financial System at a Glance 2 Major Indicators of Commercial Bank 3 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Commercial Bank (Aggregate) 4 Some Ratios of Commercial Banks 5 Capital fund to Risk Weighted Assets of Commercial Banks 6 Non Performing Loan Status of Commercial Banks 7 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Nepal Bank Ltd. 8 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Rastriya Banijya Bank 9 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of NABIL Bank Ltd. 0 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Nepal Investment Bank L td. 11 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Ltd. 12 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Himalayan Bank Ltd. 13 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Nepal SBI Bank Ltd. 14 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Nepal Bangladesh Bank Ltd. 15 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Everest Bank Ltd. 16 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Bank of Kathmandu Ltd. 17 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Nepal Credit & Commercial Bank Ltd. 19 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Nepal Industrial & Commercial Bank Ltd. 8 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Lumbini Bank Ltd. 20 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Machhapuchhre Bank Ltd. 21 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Kumari Bank Ltd. 22 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Laxmi Bank Ltd. 23 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Siddhartha Bank Ltd. 24 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Agricultural Development Bank Ltd. 25 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Global Bank Ltd. 26 Statement of Assets & Li abilities of Citizens Bank International Ltd. 27 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Prime Commercial Bank Ltd. 29 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Bank of Asia Nepal Ltd. 8 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Sunrise Bank Ltd. 30 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Development Credit Bank Ltd. 31 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of NMB Bank Ltd. 32 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Kist Bank Ltd. 33 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Janata Bank Nepal Ltd. 34 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Mega Bank Nepal Ltd. 35 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Commerz and Trust Bank Nepal Ltd. 36 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Civil Bank Ltd. 37 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Century Commercial Bank Ltd. 38 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Sanima Bank Ltd. 9 Profit & Loss Account of Commercial Banks 40 Sector wise Loan and Advances of Commercial Banks 41 Product wise Loan and Advances of Commercial Banks 42 Deprived Sector Loan Statement of Commercial Banks 43 List of Class ‘A' Licensed Financial Institutions (Commercial Banks) 44 Branches of Commercial Banks Class ‘B' – Development Banks 45 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Development Bank (Aggregate) 46 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Development Banks 47 Sector wise Outstanding Credits of Development Banks 48 Non Performing Loan Status of Development Banks 49 List of Class ‘B' Licensed Financial Institutions (Development Banks) Class ‘C' – Finance Companies 50Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Finance Companies (Aggregate) 51 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of Finance Companies 52 Sector wise Outstanding Credits of Finance Companies 53 NPL Status of Finance Companies 54 List of Class ‘C' Licensed Financial Institutions (Finance Companies) Class ‘D' – Rural Development Banks, Micro Credit Development Banks 55 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of MFDB & RDB (Aggregate) 56 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of MFDB & RDB Page No. 1 2 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 54 55 56 57 58 63 65 66 70 71 75 77 78 79 80 Explanatory Notes 1. This issue of â€Å"Banking and Financial Statistics, Mid-July 2012, Issue No. 58† contains statistical information of NRB licensed Banks and Non-bank Financial Institutions. 2. This bulletin consists of 56 tables and a brief explanation on performance of NRB licensed banks and financial institutions. 3.The figures published in this bulletin are based on the actual monthly and quarterly returns of the banks and non-bank financial institutions. 4. Efforts have been made to present current data for mid-July 2012. 5. Blank space in the heading and sub heading indicates the not availability of data or nil in transaction. 6. Because of subsequent revisions, differences with previously published figures are at times unavoidable. 7. The totals in the tables may not exactly tally w ith the sum of the constituent items due to rounding of the figures. 8. The following months of the Gregorian Calendar year are the approximate equivalent of the months of the Nepalese Calendar Year:Gregorian Month Mid-Apr/Mid-May Mid-May/Mid-June Mid-June/Mid-July Mid-July/Mid-Aug Mid-Aug /Mid-Sept Mid-Sept/Mid-Oct Mid-Oct/Mid-Nov Mid-Nov/Mid-Dec Mid-Dec/Mid-Jan Mid-Jan/Mid-Feb Mid-Feb/Mid-Mar Mid-Mar/Mid-Apr Nepalese Month Baisakh Jeth Asar Saun Bhadau Asoj Kattik Mangsir Pus Magh Fagun Chait 9. It is expected that this publication will be of immense use to the researchers and all concerned people in the field of banking, management, economics and statistics. 1 Highlights on Performance of Banks and Non-Bank Financial Institutions Financial Sector at a Glance 1. The history of financial system of Nepal was begun in 1937 with the establishment of the Nepal Bank Ltd. as the first commercial bank of Nepal with the joint ownership of government and general public.Nepal Rastra Bank was established after 19 years since the establishment of the first commercial bank. A decade after the establishment of NRB, Rastriya Banijya Bank, a commercial bank under the ownership of Government Nepal was established. 2. In the context of banking development, the 1980s saw a major structural change in financial sector policies, regulations and institutional developments. Government emphasized the role of the private sector for the investment in the financial sector. With the adoption of the financial sector liberalization by the government in 80's opened the door for foreign Banks to open Joint venture Banks in Nepal. As a result, various banking and non-banking financial institutions have come into existence.Nabil Bank Limited, the first foreign joint venture bank of Nepal, started operations in July 1984. During two decades, Nepal witnessed tremendous increment in number of financial institutions. Nepalese banking system has now a wide geographic reach and institutional diversi fication. Consequently, by the end of mid – July 2012, altogether 265 banks and non- bank financial institutions licensed by NRB are in operation. Out of them, 32 are â€Å"A† class commercial banks, 88 â€Å"B† class development banks, 69 â€Å"C† class finance companies, 24 â€Å"D† class micro-credit development banks, 16 saving and credit co-operatives and 36 NGOs. In mid- July 2011, the commercial banks branches reached to 1425 with the population of nineteen thousand per branch.Present development of financial institutions in Nepal is reflected in table below. Growth of Financial Institutions 3. Types of Financial Institutions Commercial Banks Development Banks Finance Companies Micro-finance Development Banks Saving & Credit 6 19 20 1985 3 2 1990 5 2 1995 10 3 21 4 2000 13 7 45 7 2005 17 26 60 11 Mid – July 2006 18 28 70 11 2007 20 38 74 12 2008 25 58 78 12 2009 26 63 77 15 2010 27 79 79 18 2011 31 87 79 21 2012 32 88 69 24 Co-operati ves Limited Activities) NGOs (Financial 7 5 7 44 98 47 181 47 193 47 208 46 235 45 242 45 263 38 272 36 265 Banking 19 17 16 16 15 16 16 Intermediaries) Total 2 4. As of Mid – July 2012, Commercial Bank group occupied 77. percent of total assets/liabilities followed by Development Banks 12. 4 percent, Finance Companies 8. 2 percent and Micro-finance Development Bank 2. 2 percent. In Mid – July 2011, the respective shares were 75. 3, 12. 0, 10. 9 and 1. 8 percent respectively as presented in Table 1. Figure 1 Total Assets/Liabilities Structure Finance Companies 8. 2% MFDB & RDB 2. 2% Dev. Banks 12. 4% Commercial Banks 77. 3% 5. The composition of the total liabilities shows as usual, deposit held dominant share of 78. 0 percent followed by other Liabilities 11. 0 percent Capital fund by 8. 5 percent and borrowings by 2. 5 percent respectively in Mid – July 2012.Likewise in the assets side, loan and advances accounted the largest share of 58. 5 percent followed by investments 15. 2 percent, liquid fund 17. 5 percent and others 8. 8 percent in the same period as shown in figure below. Figure 2 Compositions of Assets/Liabilities of Financial System as on Mid-July, 2012 Assets Composition of Financial System Liquid Funds 17. 5% Liabilities composition of Financial System Borrowings 2. 5% Others 8. 8% Others 11. 0% Inves tmen t 15. 2% Figure 2 (a) Loa ns & Advances 58. 5% Ca pital Fund 8. 5% Deposit 78. 0% Figure 2 (b) 6. Commercial Banks held dominant share on the major balance sheet components of financial system.Of the total deposits Rs. 1076,629 million in Mid – July 2012, the commercial banks occupied 80. 6 percent. Similarly, development banks held 11. 8 percent, finance companies 7. 1 percent and micro finance development banks 0. 5 percent. Likewise, on the loans and advances the share of commercial banks stood 3 at 77. 1 percent, development banks 12. 5 percent, finance companies 8. 3 percent and micro finance development banks 2 . 2 percent in Mid – July 2012. In the same year the share of commercial banks in the borrowings, liquid funds and investments constitute 45. 1 percent, 66. 9 percent and 86. 3 percent respectively as reflected in Table 1. 7.The capital fund, one of the components of liabilities, witnessed growth of 11. 4 percent and reached to Rs. 117,980 million in Mid – July 2012 from Rs. 105,816 million in mid July 2011. The borrowings decreased significantly by 26. 9 percent while deposit and other liabilities increased by 23. 2 percent, 16. 7 percent respectively compared to Mid – July 2011. Similarly loans and advances, the major component of assets increased by 12. 3 percent and reached to Rs. 807,579 million in Mid – July 2012 from Rs. 718,674 million in mid July 2011. Likewise investment increased by 28. 9 percent while liquid fund witnessed significant growth of 59. 9 percent in Mid – July 2012 compared to the previous period as shown in Table 1.Growth o f Major Balance-Sheet Indicators (%) Mid- July Particulars 2001 Capital Fund 26. 56 2002 43. 97 2003 26. 56 2004 -107. 36 2005 -516. 43 2006 17. 90 2007 192. 50 2008 273. 5 2009 104. 36 2010 46. 66 2011 36. 9 2012 11. 4 Borrowings Deposits Liquid Funds Investment 21. 95 16. 20 40. 59 3. 96 -5. 90 43. 36 11. 51 -20. 59 31. 00 12. 46 13. 12 22. 08 8. 64 23. 77 9. 81 -14. 32 18. 95 34. 61 15. 42 4. 23 33. 76 22. 32 19. 28 21. 66 14. 53 17. 55 30. 10 68. 64 18. 11 12. 73 32. 55 45. 18 17. 46 7. 51 16. 83 7. 34 4. 53 23. 8 10. 8 -0. 8 10. 2 -26. 9 23. 2 59. 9 28. 9 Loans & Advances 15. 94 19. 54 11. 35 11. 67 13. 38 10. 22 26. 55 34. 27 30. 70 21. 32 15. 8 12. 3 Commercial Banks 8.The number of commercial bank branches operating in the country increased to 1425 in Mid – July 2012 from 1245 in mid July 2011. Among the total bank branches, 49. 7 percent bank branches are concentrated in the central region followed by Western 17. 9 percent, Eastern 17. 8 Mid Western 8. 4 percent and Far Western 5. 9 percent respectively as presented in Table 44. 9. The total assets of commercial banks increased by 21. 5 percent compared to increment of 11. 6 percent in the previous year. By the end of this fiscal year, the total assets of commercial banking sector reached to Rs. 1067,096 million from Rs 878,364 million in the last period as shown in Table 3. 10.The share of loans and advances to total assets remained 58. 3 percent in Mid – July 2012. Similarly, share of investment and liquid funds to total assets registered 17. 0 percent and 15. 2 percent respectively as represented in Table 3. 4 11. The composition of liabilities of commercial banks shows that, the deposit has occupied the dominant share of 81. 3 percent followed by others 10. 0 percent capital fund 7. 2 percent and Borrowings 1. 5 percent in the Mid – July 2012 as reflected in Table 3. Figure 3 Compositions of Assets/Liabilities of Commercial Banks as on Mid- July 2012 Assets Composition of Comm ercial Banks Liquid Funds 15. 2% Others 10. 0% Liabilities Composition of Commercial BanksCapital fund 7. 2% Borrowings 1. 5% Investments 17. 0% Other Assets 9. 5% Figure 3 (a) Loan & Advances 58. 3% Deposit 81. 3% Figure 3 (b) 12. In the Mid – July 2012, the loans and advances increased by 17. 9 percent compare to 12. 4 percent in Mid July 2011. By the end of Mid – July 2012, the total outstanding amount of loans and advances including Bills Purchase and Loan against Collected Bills of commercial banks reached to Rs. 622,575 million. It was Rs. 528,023 million in Mid – July 2011 as shown in Table 3. 13. The total investment including share & other investment of commercial banks in Mid – July 2012 increased by 21. 2 percent and reached to Rs. 81,273 million from Rs. 149,557 million in Mid – July 2012. Similarly liquid fund increased significantly by 65. 0 percent and amounted to Rs. 161,785 million in Mid July 2012 as shown in Table 3. 14. In the M id – July 2012, total deposit of commercial bank increased by 26. 2 percent compare to 9. 0 percent growth in the Mid – July 2011. As of Mid – July 2012, it reached to Rs. 867,978 million from Rs 687,588 million in the Mid – July 2011. Among the component of deposit, current deposit increased by 18. 1 percent compared to 2 percent of decrement in last year. Similarly, saving & fixed deposit increased by 31. 8 percent and 17. 8 percent as shown in Table 3. 15.The Saving deposit comprises the major share in total deposit followed by fixed deposit, call deposit and current deposit. As of Mid – July 2012, the proportion of saving, fixed and calls & current deposits are 35. 1 percent, 34. 4 percent, 18. 6 and 10. 7 percent respectively as reflected in Table 3. Figure 4 Deposit Composition of Commercial Banks Call 18. 6% Others 1. 1% Current 10. 7% Savings 35. 1% Fixed 34. 4% 5 16. In the Mid – July 2012, the borrowing decreased by 37. 6 percent c ompared to increment of 25. 6 percent in the previous year. By the end of Mid – July 2012, it reached to Rs. 15, 507 million from Rs. 24,853 million in the Mid – July 2011 as reflected in Table 3. 17.Capital fund of commercial banks increased by 30. 6 percent compared to previous year and reached to Rs. 77,143 million in Mid – July 2012. It was Rs. 59,064 million in Mid – July 2011 as presented in Table 3. 18. Out of the Rs. 622,575 million outstanding sector wise credits in Mid – July 2012, the largest proportion of the loans and advances is occupied by manufacturing sector. The share of this sector is 23. 1 percent followed by wholesale & retailers 20. 5 percent, other sector 11. 1 percent, finance, insurance & real estate by 10. 0 percent and construction 9. 8 percent. Similarly, transportation, communication & public services comprise 4. 0 percent, consumable loan by 6. percent, other service industries by 4. 9 percent and agriculture by 3. 7 p ercent in the same period as represented in Table 40. 19. The outstanding of deprived sector credit of commercial banks in the Mid – July 2012 by the end of Mid – July reached to Rs. 24,150 million as presented in Table 42. The ratio of deprived sector credit to total outstanding of product wise loans and advances stood at 3. 8 percent in the current period. Last year it was 3. 6 percent. 20. In Mid – July 2012, the credit to deposit ratio of the commercial banks reached to 71. 7 percent compared to 76. 8 percent in Mid – July 2010 as presented in Table 3. Figure 5 21.The non-performing loan of commercial banks decreased to 2. 6 percent in Mid – July 2012 from 3. 2 percent in the Mid – July 2011. The total amount of NPA in Mid –July 2012 reached to Rs. 16,325 million from Rs. 16,872 million in the Mid – July 2011 as reflected in Table 6. 6 Development Banks 22. The total number of development banks increased to 88 in Mid â€⠀œ July 2012 from 87 in Mid – July 2011. Out of them, 19 are national level and rests are district level development banks. 23. The total assets/liabilities of development banks increased by 22. 3 percent and reached to Rs. 170,894 million in the Mid – July 2012 from Rs. 139,736 million in Mid – July 2011.The entry of new development banks along with business expansion resulted to increase in the total assets and liabilities. 24. Among the component of liabilities, deposit constituted 74. 5 percent followed by capital fund 13. 3 percent borrowing by 0. 7 percent and others by 11. 5 percent in Mid – July 2012. In the previous year the respective share of deposit, capital fund and borrowing were 69. 3 percent, 16. 1 percent and 3. 4 percent. On the assets side, loans and advances constituted 58. 9 percent, liquid funds 27. 7 percent and investment 3. 0 percent in Mid – July 2012. The respective shares were 63. 7 percent, 21. 0 percent and 4. 2 percen t respectively in Mid –July 2011 as reflected in Table 45.Figure 6 Compositions of Assets/Liabilities of Dev. Bank as on Mid-July, 2012 Figure 6(a) Figure 6(b) 25. In total deposit of Development Bank in 2012, Saving deposit comprises the major share 47. 9 percent in total deposit followed by Fixed deposit of 29. 4 percent , Call deposit 20. 0 percent , Current deposit 2. 1 percent and others 0. 7 percent. As of Mid – July 2011, the proportion of saving, fixed, and call & current deposits were 44. 3 percent, 32. 2 percent, 21. 1 and 1. 9 percent respectively as reflected in Table 45. Figure 7 7 26. During the period of current fiscal year, the deposit collection of Development Banks increased by 31. percent and reached to Rs. 127,300 million in Mid – July 2012 from Rs. 96,887 million. Deposit in previous year had increased by 25. 9 percent. Similarly capital fund increased by 0. 8 percent and reached to Rs. 22,702 million. In the same period borrowings decreased significantly by 74. 6 percent and reached to Rs. 1,193 million in Mid – July 2012 from 4,700 million in previous year. The increment of capital fund and borrowings were 46. 9 percent and 5. 8 percent in Mid – July 2011. Figure 8 27. The average proportion of non-performing loan to total outstanding loan of development banks reached to 4. 9 percent in Mid – July 2012 from 4. 2 percent in Mid – July 2011.Total amount of NPL as end of Mid July 2012 is Rs. 10,062 million as presented in Table 48. 8 Finance Companies 28. The total number of finance companies remained to 69 in Mid – July 2012. During this period the following finances went into merger. S. No Name Merge into 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Universal Finance Shikhar Finance Swastik Merchant Finance Suryadarshan Finance Standard Finance IME Finance Lord Buddha Finance Business Development Bank Kasthamandap Development Bank Infrastructure Development Bank Annapurna Bikash Bank Machapuchhre Bank Global Bank Global Bank During the period Annapurna Finance upgraded to Development bank and started operation as Kailash Development Bank. 29.The decrement in number of Finance Companies resulted the total assets/liabilities of the finance companies to shrink by 10. 7 percent in Mid -July 2012 and reached to Rs. 112,973 million from 126,617 million in Mid – July 2012 as presented in Table 50. Among the total liabilities deposits held the largest share of 67. 4 percent followed by capital fund 13. 6 percent, others 18. 1 percent and borrowings 1. 0 percent. The respective share of deposit, capital fund and borrowing were 67. 5 percent, 17. 2 percent and 11. 7 percent in the previous year. On the assets side, loan and advances held 59. 0 percent of total assets followed by liquid funds 23. 8 percent, investments 3. 1 percent and others 14. percent in Mid – July 2012 as presented in Table 50. The respective share of loan & advances, liquid funds and investments were 68. 7 percent, 1 6. 2 percent and 4. 5 percent in Mid July 2011. Figure 9 Compositions of Assets/Liabilities of Finance Companies as on Mid-July, 2012 Figure 9(a) Figure 9(a) Figure 9(b) Figure 9(b) 9 30. The total deposit mobilization by the finance companies in the current fiscal year decreased 10. 9 by percent in Mid – July 2012 and reached to Rs. 76,116 million from Rs. 85,477 million. Similarly, capital fund decreased by 29. 7 percent and reached to 15,318 Rs. million from Rs. 21,818 million. Likewise, borrowing decreased by 75. percent and reached to Rs. 1,106 million from Rs. 4,506 million in Mid – July 2012 as reflected in Table 50. 31. In the Mid – July 2012, liquid fund decreased by 31. 0 percent and reached to Rs. 26,884 million from Rs. 20,511 million Mid – July 2011. Likewise, loan & advances declined by 23. 4 percent. The growth was 28. 5 percent in Mid – July 2011. The total outstanding amount of loan and advances including Bills purchased and loan a gainst collected bills reached to Rs. 66,644 million in Mid – July 2012 from Rs. 87,032 million in Mid – July 2011. Likewise, the investment including Share & other investment decreased by 38. 4 percent and reached to Rs. ,529 million in Mid – July 2012. The increment was 29. 3 percent in Mid – July 2011. 32. Credit deposit ratio of finance companies reached to 87. 5 percent in Mid – July 2012 from 101. 8 percent in the Mid – July 2011. Figure 10 33. The average proportion of non-performing loan to total outstanding loan of Finance Companies reached to 10. 7 percent in Mid – July 2012 and reached to Rs. 7,145 million as presented in Table 53 . The ratio was 5. 4 percent and amount of Rs. 4,729 million in the Mid – July 2011. 10 Micro Finance Development Banks & Rural Development Banks 34. Currently there are 24 ‘D' class rural & micro finance development banks in the country.Out of them five are regional level rural devel opment banks and remaining are micro finance development banks. 35. In Mid – July 2012, the total assets/liabilities of micro finance development banks increased by 39. 6 percent compared to increment of 13. 6 percent in the Mid – July 2011. In Mid – July 2012, the total assets/liabilities of these banks reached to Rs. 30,007million from Rs. 21,496 million in Mid – July 2011 as presented in Table 55. Figure 11 36. As of Mid – July 2012 the total outstanding loan and advances of micro finance development banks increased by 21. 0 percent and reached to Rs. 17,738 million from Rs. 14,650 million in Mid – July 2011 as reflected in Table 55. Cooperatives and NGOs 37.The number of financial cooperatives licensed by NRB to conduct limited banking activities and number of NGOs are 16 and 36 respectively in Mid – July 2012. Due to unavailability of current data, the statistical information of cooperatives and NGOs are not included in this bull etin. 11 Table No. 1 Financial System at a Glance (Rs in Million) Mid – July 2001 1 Capital Fund Commercial Banks Development Banks Finance Companies Micro Finance Development Banks Others 2 Borrowing Commercial Banks Development Banks Finance Companies Micro Finance Development Banks Others 3 Deposits Commercial Banks Development Banks Finance Companies Micro Finance Development Banks Others 4 Other Liabilities Commercial Banks Development Banks Finance Companies Micro Finance Development Banks Others 5 Liquid FundCommercial Banks Development Banks Finance Companies Micro Finance Development Banks Others 6 Investment Commercial Banks Development Banks Finance Companies Micro Finance Development Banks Others 7 Loans and Advances Commercial Banks Development Banks Finance Companies Micro Finance Development Banks Others 8 Other Assets Commercial Banks Development Banks Finance Companies Micro Finance Development Banks Others 9 Total Assets / Liabilities Commercial Banks Develo pment Banks Finance Companies MFDB & RDB Others 91. 8% 1. 7% 5. 8% 0. 7% 87. 4% 6. 0% 5. 9% 0. 7% 1. 0% 0. 9% 0. 7% 88. 0% 2. 3% 8. 8% 0. 5% 76. 3% 14. 7% 8. 1% 0. 6% 27398. 5 92. 9% 1. 8% 4. 6% 0. 8% 39279. 7 87. 1% 8. 3% 4. 1% 58587. 3 94. 9% 1. 0% 3. 5% 55133. 5 90. 6% 3. 4% 5. 2% 0. 7% 0. 8% 92. 1% 1. 3% 5. 9% 90. 3% 2. 4% 6. 6% 1. 9% 1. 6% 10993. 5 74. 9% 5. 7% 17. 5% 2002 15827. 2 64. 5% 17. 2% 16. 8% 2003 20031. 0 59. 0% 20. 6% 16. 0% 3. 1% 1. 4% 11650. 9 27. 2% 50. 5% 1. 2% 20. 5% 0. 6% 197325. 6 205135. 3 228736. 4 89. 1% 2. 8% 7. 2% 0. 3% 0. 5% 96632. 6 89. 7% 6. 8% 2. 3% 0. 7% 0. 4% 43782. 0 87. 0% 5. 6% 5. 9% 0. 8% 0. % 51457. 9 88. 2% 6. 7% 4. 6% 2. 0% 0. 5% 75. 4% 14. 9% 8. 8% 1. 5% 0. 9% 96691. 9 100. 8% -4. 4% 2. 7% 0. 3% 0. 6% 273946. 2 314567. 1 357050. 9 85. 6% 7. 5% 6. 2% 1. 2% 0. 7% 124048. 9 148290. 7 165119. 1 2004 (1474. 3) -692. 0% 282. 0% 247. 8% 45. 3% 16. 9% 13102. 9 23. 1% 45. 5% 10. 0% 21. 1% 0. 3% 258742. 3 90. 4% 1. 5% 7. 5% 0. 3% 0. 3% 117061. 3 89. 4% 7. 1% 2. 4% 0. 7% 0. 3% 53448. 8 86. 3% 4. 1% 8. 2% 0. 9% 0. 5% 55903. 1 88. 8% 6. 3% 4. 5% 2. 2% 0. 3% 184389. 1 75. 9% 13. 8% 9. 5% 1. 5% 0. 7% 93691. 2 101. 7% -5. 5% 2. 9% 0. 3% 0. 5% 387432. 2 87. 7% 4. 7% 7. 0% 1. 3% 0. 6% 2005 (9088. 1) -210. 5% 52. 2% 46. 8% 8. 1% 3. 4% 16217. 6 42. % 27. 7% 6. 1% 21. 0% 3. 0% 88. 8% 2. 4% 7. 9% 0. 3% 0. 6% 93. 4% 4. 0% 1. 6% 0. 8% 0. 3% 45792. 5 83. 8% 4. 9% 8. 5% 1. 4% 1. 3% 66499. 1 90. 5% 3. 0% 3. 6% 2. 3% 0. 6% 78. 3% 9. 2% 10. 2% 1. 7% 0. 7% 97. 2% 0. 0% 1. 9% 0. 4% 0. 4% 86. 7% 4. 9% 6. 4% 1. 3% 0. 7% 2006 (7461. 5) -237. 8% 63. 9% 57. 8% 11. 1% 5. 0% 21830. 3 43. 6% 23. 9% 5. 3% 24. 4% 2. 8% 88. 8% 1. 8% 8. 3% 0. 3% 0. 8% 89. 0% 6. 5% 3. 7% 0. 7% 0. 1% 47728. 1 81. 4% 3. 3% 11. 3% 2. 8% 1. 3% 88959. 6 92. 4% 2. 4% 3. 1% 1. 9% 0. 2% 76. 7% 8. 7% 11. 8% 1. 9% 0. 9% 94. 3% 1. 9% 2. 6% 0. 6% 0. 6% 84. 7% 5. 2% 7. 7% 1. 6% 0. 7% 2007 6901. 7 -60. 1% 58. 8% 78. 0% 16. 2% 7. 1% 26703. 7 47. % 8. 4% 13. 0% 26. 0% 4. 9% 391152. 6 86. 3% 3. 9% 8. 8% 0. 3% 0. 7% 157719. 2 91. 6% 0. 6% 6. 4% 0. 7% 0. 6% 58064. 2 75. 9% 6. 4% 12. 9% 3. 1% 1. 6% 101888. 2 91. 8% 1. 5% 4. 5% 2. 0% 0. 2% 291605. 8 79. 5% 5. 3% 12. 2% 2. 0% 1. 0% 130919. 0 92. 6% 1. 5% 4. 4% 0. 6% 1. 0% 582477. 3 84. 2% 3. 9% 9. 2% 1. 8% 0. 9% 2008 25778. 0 38. 6% 25. 4% 28. 9% 4. 9% 2. 2% 31391. 5 45. 9% 8. 1% 13. 9% 26. 8% 5. 4% 83. 7% 5. 1% 10. 3% 0. 3% 0. 6% 82. 9% 3. 6% 11. 6% 1. 0% 0. 9% 68. 3% 10. 2% 18. 1% 1. 2% 2. 2% 90. 5% 2. 8% 3. 6% 2. 9% 0. 2% 78. 3% 6. 0% 13. 2% 1. 8% 0. 7% 96532. 9 87. 3% 3. 0% 7. 1% 0. 9% 1. 7% 80. 2% 5. 6% 11. 4% 1. 8% 1. 0% 2009 52681. 8 57. % 17. 7% 20. 0% 3. 7% 0. 9% 35387. 8 51. 8% 7. 4% 14. 7% 25. 4% 0. 8% 83. 5% 7. 1% 8. 5% 0. 3% 0. 6% 81. 9% 5. 2% 9. 9% 2. 0% 1. 0% 74. 6% 11. 3% 11. 5% 2. 0% 0. 6% 92. 6% 3. 5% 2. 3% 1. 5% 0. 2% 77. 8% 8. 2% 11. 7% 1. 6% 0. 7% 67366. 6 87. 8% 4. 1% 4. 3% 2. 3% 1. 6% 82. 1% 6. 9% 8. 8% 1. 6% 0. 6% 2010 77264. 3 52. 7% 19. 8% 24. 6% 2. 8% 0. 0% 38047. 1 52. 0% 11. 7% 8. 1% 28. 3% 0. 0% 7 88083. 6 80. 1% 9. 8% 9. 9% 0. 3% 0. 0% 94786. 2 81. 7% 8. 6% 8. 2% 1. 5% 0. 0% 152590. 3 67. 3% 17. 1% 14. 2% 1. 4% 0. 0% 147743. 6 90. 7% 4. 6% 3. 0% 1. 7% 0. 0% 620837. 5 75. 2% 10. 6% 12. 4% 1. 8% 0. 0% 70130. 0 86. 6% 7. 4% 4. 8% 1. 3% 0. 0% 76. 7% 10. 6% 10. % 1. 8% 0. 0% 2011 105816. 3 55. 8% 21. 3% 20. 6% 2. 3% 0. 0% 47096. 3 52. 8% 10. 0% 9. 6% 27. 7% 0. 0% 873488. 8 1076629. 3 78. 7% 11. 1% 9. 8% 0. 4% 0. 0% 108082. 5 78. 1% 10. 0% 10. 2% 1. 7% 0. 0% 151266. 2 64. 8% 19. 4% 13. 6% 2. 2% 0. 0% 162870. 4 91. 8% 3. 6% 3. 5% 1. 1% 0. 0% 718674. 5 73. 5% 12. 4% 12. 1% 2. 0% 0. 0% 80391. 3 82. 9% 9. 5% 6. 0% 1. 6% 0. 0% 75. 3% 12. 0% 10. 9% 1. 8% 0. 0% 77. 3% 12. 4% 8. 2% 2. 2% 94913. 2 80. 2% 8. 6% 9. 5% 1. 7% 807579. 3 77. 1% 12. 5% 8. 3% 2. 2% 209934. 4 86. 3% 2. 6% 1. 7% 9. 4% 241900. 3 66. 9% 19. 6% 11. 1% 2. 4% 126163. 1 73. 4% 10. 7% 13. 9% 2. 0% 80. 6% 11. 8% 7. 1% 0. 5% 34392. 3 45. 1% 3. % 3. 2% 48. 2% 2012 117979. 6 65. 4% 19. 2% 13. 0% 2. 4% 284115. 2 327925. 3 50890 5. 7 674584. 3 183080. 3 163664. 3 140248. 7 107071. 3 97917. 7 142159. 2 120335. 6 141347. 3 209053. 7 230424. 7 391537. 7 511752. 8 152979. 7 138846. 1 474325. 9 505958. 5 706324. 0 988878. 8 1026595. 1 1166214. 1 1380971. 4 12 Table No. 2 Major Indicators of COMMERCIAL BANKS Unit 2001 1. Gross Domestic Product 1 Mid – July 2002 459443. 00 413. 00 57. 31 185144. 70 24327. 00 83855. 60 64171. 40 12790. 70 113174. 60 34209. 80 2651. 10 448. 29 7997. 61 274. 03 4888. 75 1. 86 3. 71 34. 44 1. 17 10202. 50 2003 492231. 00 447. 00 54. 14 203879. 30 28862. 50 97238. 0 63287. 60 14490. 30 124522. 40 45386. 30 2867. 70 456. 11 8806. 88 278. 57 5378. 94 10. 12 10. 03 32. 67 8. 44 11814. 60 2004 536749. 00 423 58. 49 233811. 20 33729. 90 114137. 20 65130. 90 20813. 20 140031. 40 49668. 60 2519. 40 552. 75 10099. 84 331. 04 6048. 87 14. 68 12. 45 9. 44 11. 68 14854. 40 2005 589412. 00 422 59. 95 252409. 80 34646. 40 129995. 00 67318. 20 20450. 20 163718. 80 60181. 10 2442. 50 598. 13 1 0903. 23 387. 96 7072. 09 7. 95 16. 92 21. 17 10. 07 15153. 30 2006 654055. 00 437 59. 18 291245. 50 37386. 50 151639. 40 76572. 80 25646. 80 176820. 30 82173. 70 4988. 70 666. 47 11515. 46 404. 62 6991. 24 9. 60 3. 03 24. 51 10. 4 16567. 00 2007 727089. 00 470 56. 26 337497. 20 45031. 20 174732. 50 87212. 60 30520. 90 231829. 50 93530. 80 5461. 40 611. 41 13344. 19 419. 98 9166. 23 15. 88 31. 11 13. 82 13. 90 28640. 70 2008 818401. 00 555 48. 70 426080. 30 56089. 30 211452. 00 104772. 50 53766. 50 302913. 40 108954. 80 2772. 90 767. 71 15763. 24 545. 79 11206. 56 26. 25 30. 66 16. 49 20. 13 41208. 20 2009 960011. 00 752 36. 76 563604. 40 71651. 00 259925. 40 141259. 40 90768. 60 398143. 00 130856. 90 2608. 00 749. 47 20390. 90 529. 45 14404. 59 32. 28 31. 44 20. 10 34. 82 56912. 90 2010 1170993. 00 987 28. 37 630880. 84 80606. 2 237709. 33 200058. 50 112506. 81 469279. 4 134041. 09 6268. 50 639. 19 22324. 95 475. 46 16606. 39 11. 94 17. 87 2. 43 41. 62 66877. 97 2011 1345767. 00 12 45 21. 38 687587. 89 78982. 9 231094. 43 253586. 40 123924. 18 528023. 14 149557. 36 7807. 70 552. 28 25829. 75 424. 11 19835. 58 8. 99 12. 52 11. 58 26. 76 83578. 54 2012 1558174. 00 1423 18. 62 867978. 25 93304. 4 304786. 78 298835. 74 171051. 31 622575. 49 181272. 66 6906. 71 609. 96 32760. 69 437. 51 23498. 29 26. 24 17. 91 21. 21 17. 84 92199. 07 Rs. in million In Unit In Thousand Rs. in million Rs. in million Rs. in million Rs. in million Rs. in million Rs. in million Rs. in million Rs. in million Rs. in million Rs. in Unit Rs. n million Rs. in Unit In Percentage In Percentage In Percentage In Percentage Rs. in million 441519. 00 430. 00 53. 84 181767. 00 25100. 70 80988. 40 65322. 30 10355. 60 109121. 20 25446. 50 2909. 70 422. 71 7851. 71 253. 77 4713. 66 17. 31 13. 28 41. 63 14. 39 8230. 20 2. Number of Bank Branches 3. Population per Bank Branches 4. Total Deposits A. Current B. Savings C. Fixed D. Others 5. Total Credit 6. Total Investment 7. Credit to Government Enterpri ses 8. Average Deposit per Bank Branch 9. Per Capita Deposits 10. Average Credit per Bank Branch 11. Per Capita Credit 12. Deposit Growth 13. Credit Growth 14. Investment Growth 15. Time Deposit Growth 16.Paid up Capital & Reserve Fund 1 Source: Nepal Rastra Bank, Research Department (At current prices) 13 Table No. 3 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of COMMERCIAL BANKS (AGGREGATE) (Rs. In million) Mid-July 2006 2007 (17742. 1) (4149. 5) 10571. 7 20017. 1 4841. 7 6586. 0 10. 0 10. 0 (34912. 0) (32800. 2) 1376. 8 1607. 8 369. 7 429. 8 9519. 6 12750. 4 3644. 5 3767. 7 1991. 9 3119. 3 2273. 2 3692. 1 111. 4 1610. 0 2060. 0 291245. 6 337497. 2 37386. 6 45031. 2 32794. 6 39967. 0 4592. 0 5064. 2 151639. 4 174732. 5 145701. 7 168419. 0 5937. 7 6313. 5 76572. 8 87212. 6 63555. 6 72661. 1 13017. 2 14551. 4 22722. 1 26953. 3 2924. 7 3567. 6 599. 6 698. 86580. 7 79854. 6 4513. 5 8064. 9 26097. 4 28485. 1 36083. 1 33659. 7 19886. 7 9644. 6 47230. 1 60737. 6 11272. 7 3249. 1 428706. 2 490638. 1 38842. 1 6306. 6 5908. 6 398. 0 24309. 2 21058. 2 20866. 6 191. 6 1288. 9 1287. 7 1. 2 0. 0 1962. 1 8226. 3 1805. 5 6420. 8 57539. 1 57464. 7 0. 0 0. 0 74. 4 24634. 7 17515. 0 7119. 7 173383. 4 168394. 7 4988. 7 3353. 8 669. 6 1230. 9 1453. 3 83. 0 21. 2 61. 8 4026. 7 52632. 7 36718. 0 297. 7 36420. 3 4448. 0 1750. 5 513. 6 9202. 6 377. 5 2109. 7 59040. 3 12683. 2 428706. 2 44089. 7 7813. 6 7359. 7 453. 9 28434. 1 23233. 2 23085. 4 147. 9 1545. 4 1511. 9 33. 0 258. 6 3397. 0 7841. 8 2768. 1 5073. 7 64443. 63889. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 553. 5 29087. 8 21374. 8 7713. 2 228951. 9 218597. 7 4892. 7 5461. 4 2824. 1 500. 4 1060. 3 1263. 3 53. 5 1. 4 52. 1 6077. 7 59145. 6 33444. 3 423. 6 33020. 8 5877. 6 7052. 0 584. 8 12186. 9 350. 0 2633. 5 50313. 4 2667. 8 490638. 1 Liabilities CAPITAL FUND a. Paid-up Capital b. Calls in advance c. Statutory Reserves d. Share Premium e. Retained Earning f. Others Reserves g. Exchange Fluctuation Fund BORROWINGS a. NRB b. â€Å"A†Class Licensed Insti tution c. Foreign Banks and Fin. Ins. d. Other Financial Ins. e. Bonds and Securities DEPOSITS a. Current Domestic Foreign b. Savings Domestic Foreign c. Fixed Domestic Foreign d.Call Deposits e. Others Bills Payable Other Liabilities 1. Sundry Creditors 2. Loan Loss Provision 3. Interest Suspense a/c 4. Others Reconcillation A/c Profit & Loss A/c 2001 8230. 2 5504. 1 1787. 1 2002 10202. 5 6431. 0 2540. 0 260. 9 970. 6 2349. 5 1167. 7 953. 4 228. 5 2003 11814. 6 7726. 0 2820. 0 75. 7 1192. 9 3170. 4 1437. 0 1599. 2 134. 2 2004 (10201. 7) 8350. 0 3385. 0 (25056. 1) 3119. 4 3023. 6 731. 6 1770. 5 521. 4 2005 (19129. 5) 9723. 9 3825. 9 10. 0 (34292. 8) 1062. 5 541. 1 6842. 9 4488. 6 1347. 2 27. 6 979. 6 252409. 8 34646. 4 29196. 3 5450. 0 129995. 0 123899. 0 6095. 9 67318. 2 59053. 9 8264. 3 17681. 7 2768. 5 480. 2 92900. 7 2986. 31419. 2 39070. 5 19424. 9 65319. 8 10104. 8 408928. 8 38369. 4 5137. 3 4763. 8 373. 5 21173. 5 17859. 5 16501. 0 1358. 6 848. 9 835. 2 13. 7 0. 0 2465. 1 120 58. 7 1482. 0 10576. 7 50821. 9 47678. 2 100. 4 0. 0 3043. 4 9359. 1 6467. 5 2891. 5 157198. 9 157198. 9 2442. 5 3909. 2 745. 7 1053. 4 2110. 1 168. 2 21. 7 146. 5 3809. 6 50728. 6 38786. 5 161. 9 38624. 6 2427. 5 795. 8 8718. 8 262. 4 1269. 9 75288. 9 17742. 5 408928. 7 2008 9960. 7 31829. 9 7467. 1 347. 4 (31727. 9) 1911. 2 133. 0 14408. 2 2673. 1 4410. 5 4022. 7 426. 2 2875. 7 426080. 3 56089. 3 48226. 3 7863. 0 211452. 0 203810. 7 7641. 3 104772. 5 88824. 5 15948. 0 49417. 4 4349. 2 975. 81303. 1 15198. 9 24730. 6 29554. 2 11819. 3 19151. 2 14856. 8 566736. 0 66875. 4 13010. 3 12651. 6 358. 7 43459. 7 30820. 1 30467. 6 352. 5 7094. 1 6942. 8 151. 3 320. 2 5225. 2 10405. 4 3591. 0 6814. 4 71495. 5 71065. 8 0. 0 17. 0 170. 0 242. 7 37459. 3 18240. 7 19218. 6 302913. 4 288246. 8 11893. 7 2772. 9 3694. 9 931. 4 1381. 8 1381. 7 29. 7 29. 6 0. 0 8101. 2 55347. 5 30046. 4 432. 7 29613. 7 7959. 1 3450. 6 1042. 0 12849. 4 390. 8 2257. 1 7186. 3 10984. 9 566736. 0 2009 30399. 5 40738. 3 9 514. 2 298. 4 (27143. 0) 6670. 4 321. 4 18320. 2 2154. 3 8132. 5 4012. 7 520. 7 3500. 0 563604. 5 71651. 0 63927. 8 7723. 2 259925. 4 250353. 9 9571. 141259. 4 110297. 3 30962. 1 84709. 7 6058. 9 1738. 5 87709. 2 17306. 4 23682. 5 27666. 2 19054. 0 95621. 7 14772. 4 812165. 9 105989. 0 15839. 2 15014. 6 824. 6 75438. 8 55539. 2 54348. 6 1190. 7 11505. 6 11462. 2 43. 4 415. 4 7978. 6 14711. 1 8418. 7 6292. 4 69261. 4 68902. 0 0. 0 17. 0 70. 0 272. 4 61595. 5 33293. 2 28302. 3 398143. 0 387543. 3 7991. 7 2608. 0 3745. 7 1308. 0 1560. 5 877. 3 17. 9 17. 8 0. 1 11004. 8 59152. 5 28776. 5 429. 2 28347. 2 8978. 3 4339. 7 993. 7 16064. 4 475. 2 1889. 1 93915. 3 6976. 4 812165. 9 939. 0 2308. 7 411. 8 1896. 9 0. 0 181767. 0 25100. 7 185144. 7 24327. 0 203879. 3 28862. 5 233811. 2 33729. 9 80988. 4 83855. 97238. 9 114137. 2 65322. 3 64171. 4 63287. 6 65130. 9 7691. 8 2663. 8 59221. 3 10531. 9 2258. 8 77221. 2 12027. 9 2462. 4 86697. 4 18061. 1 2752. 1 113183. 6 59221. 3 77221. 2 86697. 4 113 183. 6 Total Assets LIQUID FUNDS a. Cash Balance Nepalese Notes & Coins Foreign Currency b. Bank Balance 1. In Nepal Rastra Bank Domestic Currency Foreign Currency 2. â€Å"A†Class Licensed Institution Domestic Currency Foreign Currency 3. Other Financial Ins. 4. In Foreign banks c. Money at Call Domestic Currency Foreign Currency INVESTMENTS a. Govt. Securities b. NRB Bond c. Govt. Non-Fin. Ins. d. Other Non-Fin Ins. e Non Residents SHARE & OTHER INVESTMENT a.Interbank Lending b. Non Residents c. Others LOANS & ADVANCES a. Private Sector b. Financial Institutions c. Government Organizations BILL PURCHED a. Domestic Bills Purchased b. Foreign Bills Purchased c. Import Bills & Imports LOANS AGAINST COLLECTED BILLS a. Against Domestic Bills b. Against Foreign Bills 251527. 2 55583. 3 4775. 1 4116. 9 658. 2 37230. 9 21440. 9 274917. 9 49937. 2 5494. 8 4881. 1 613. 8 31115. 2 23170. 3 305561. 7 38163. 6 5440. 4 4735. 9 704. 5 21334. 4 16867. 6 339816. 7 46252. 8 4719. 3 4283. 8 4 35. 5 26579. 7 22728. 2 2010 40719. 8 46630. 4 260. 4 12146. 3 303. 5 (26722. 0) 7414. 6 686. 7 19783. 9 6752. 6 4816. 8 1933. 3 2553. 4 3727. 630880. 8 80606. 2 69758. 6 10847. 6 237709. 3 232482. 4 5226. 9 200058. 5 172137. 7 27920. 8 105687. 2 6819. 7 1226. 0 77413. 0 10050. 4 21631. 8 24101. 3 21629. 5 1234. 6 16042. 8 787300. 9 102749. 0 17573. 1 17137. 2 435. 9 69551. 5 49542. 7 48933. 2 609. 5 8460. 4 8415. 1 45. 3 1333. 7 10214. 7 15624. 4 8296. 2 7328. 1 81343. 8 79079. 6 1386. 8 8. 5 382. 3 486. 7 52697. 3 35917. 0 16780. 3 467107. 2 453049. 0 11270. 6 2787. 6 2172. 6 662. 0 742. 8 767. 8 98. 6 71. 4 27. 3 13896. 1 60702. 9 25188. 4 170. 3 25018. 1 10127. 5 5946. 9 279. 6 19160. 5 458. 8 1616. 6 4457. 9 0. 0 787300. 9 2011 59064. 4 58294. 9 0. 0 14925. 9 317. 1 (24831. 2) 9612. 745. 3 24852. 8 10226. 1 6321. 0 1868. 1 379. 9 6057. 8 687587. 9 78982. 9 68644. 3 10338. 5 231094. 4 225420. 6 5673. 8 253586. 4 223579. 9 30006. 5 116624. 7 7299. 5 942. 9 84386. 3 13044. 3 21340 . 1 23249. 4 26752. 5 5931. 6 15598. 5 878364. 5 98071. 7 20265. 2 19765. 0 500. 3 63293. 3 48727. 4 48274. 9 452. 4 3826. 0 3497. 3 328. 7 284. 6 10455. 2 14513. 2 6047. 6 8465. 6 102655. 9 100267. 3 1687. 7 58. 5 332. 3 310. 1 46901. 4 35002. 2 11899. 3 522853. 3 503339. 4 13362. 3 6151. 5 5073. 8 1663. 5 1728. 3 1682. 1 96. 0 74. 1 21. 8 16098. 8 66675. 1 24341. 4 896. 7 125. 8 23318. 9 12063. 3 9681. 6 200. 3 20388. 5 600. 7 1376. 6 17961. 1 0. 878364. 5 2012 77142. 6 65983. 3 4325. 3 18708. 7 213. 3 (19595. 1) 6742. 9 764. 1 15507. 2 4286. 7 1970. 7 2175. 8 146. 2 6927. 8 867978. 3 93304. 4 83148. 3 10156. 1 304786. 8 298957. 4 5829. 3 298835. 7 264970. 6 33865. 1 161784. 1 9267. 2 1599. 4 92665. 2 15909. 0 22094. 0 19491. 9 35170. 4 (3672. 9) 15876. 8 1067096. 6 161785. 5 26026. 9 25398. 0 628. 9 127706. 2 110572. 6 109814. 5 758. 1 6784. 5 6101. 5 683. 0 187. 7 10161. 4 8052. 4 2865. 4 5187. 0 131017. 9 127213. 0 3030. 3 270. 8 120. 0 383. 8 50254. 8 1948. 9 1. 8 48304. 2 612 322. 6 577113. 2 28302. 7 6906. 7 9607. 0 3165. 4 3466. 1 2975. 4 645. 9 593. 5 52. 4 19818. 7 76147. 9 20790. 282. 9 620. 6 19886. 8 14554. 3 15511. 3 364. 1 24927. 9 447. 8 1638. 5 3410. 1 0. 0 1067096. 6 796. 1 928. 2 683. 7 1825. 1 14993. 9 13577. 3 7016. 7 13327. 3 3783. 1 11388. 8 2026. 4 14953. 8 25100. 9 25100. 9 28573. 8 28573. 8 39045. 5 39045. 5 42384. 3 42384. 3 345. 6 5636. 0 6340. 8 7284. 3 107118. 9 104209. 3 2909. 6 1887. 2 1887. 2 115. 0 115. 0 61376. 3 19888. 5 334. 3 19554. 2 111694. 4 109043. 3 2651. 1 1322. 2 1322. 2 158. 0 158. 0 77596. 3 23742. 8 308. 2 23434. 6 123211. 1 120343. 4 2867. 7 1143. 8 1143. 8 167. 5 167. 5 97489. 4 27722. 2 297. 8 27424. 4 138922. 9 136403. 5 2519. 4 1050. 4 1050. 4 58. 2 58. 2 103863. 8 34458. 5 180. 34278. 2 FIXED ASSETS OTHER ASSETS a. Accrued Interests Financial Institutions Govt. Entp. Private Sector b. Staff Loans / Adv. c. Sundry Debtors d. Cash In Transit e. Others Expenses not Written off Non Banking Assets Reconcillation Account Profit & Loss A/c 41487. 8 53853. 5 69767. 2 69405. 3 Total 251527. 2 274917. 9 305561. 7 339816. 7 14 Table No. 4 Some Ratios of COMMERCIAL BANKS Mid July 2007 2001 A. GDP, DEPOSITS, CREDIT & INVESTMENT 1. Deposit / GDP 2. Credit / GDP 3. Investment / GDP 4. Credit & Investment / GDP 5. Time Deposit / GDP 6. Current Deposit / GDP 7. Credit / Deposit 8. Investment / Deposit 9. Credit & Investment / Deposit 10.Fixed Deposit / Total Deposit 11. Current Deposit / Total Deposit 12. Credit to Govt. Entp. / Credit 13. Credit to Pvt. Sector / Total Credit B. LIQUIDITY 1. NRB Balance / Deposit 2. Vault / Deposit 3. Liquid Fund / Deposit C. CAPITAL ADEQUACY 1. 2. 3. 4. Capital Fund / Total Deposit Capital Fund/ Total Credit Capital Fund / Total Assets Capital Fund / Risk weighted Assets 4. 53 7. 54 3. 27 (5. 49) 12. 51 2. 79 32. 43 44. 25 26. 56 6. 19 32. 76 35. 62 8. 63 60. 03 14. 00 74. 03 35. 94 19. 51 2. 67 97. 33 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 43. 85 26. 80 8 . 10 34. 91 35. 06 8. 79 61. 13 18. 48 79. 60 34. 66 20. 05 2. 34 97. 66 41. 2 25. 30 9. 22 34. 52 32. 61 5. 86 61. 08 22. 26 83. 34 31. 04 14. 16 2. 30 97. 70 43. 56 26. 09 9. 25 35. 34 33. 40 6. 28 59. 89 21. 24 81. 13 27. 86 14. 43 1. 80 98. 20 42. 82 27. 78 10. 21 37. 99 33. 48 5. 88 64. 86 23. 84 88. 70 26. 67 13. 73 1. 49 98. 51 44. 53 27. 03 12. 56 39. 60 34. 89 5. 72 60. 71 28. 21 88. 93 26. 29 12. 84 2. 82 97. 18 46. 91 32. 22 13. 00 45. 22 36. 41 6. 26 68. 69 27. 71 96. 40 25. 84 13. 34 2. 36 95. 53 51. 91 36. 90 13. 27 50. 18 38. 53 6. 83 71. 09 25. 57 96. 66 25. 06 13. 16 0. 66 95. 16 58. 71 41. 47 13. 63 55. 10 14. 71 7. 46 70. 64 23. 22 93. 86 25. 06 12. 71 0. 66 99. 34 53. 88 39. 89 11. 45 51. 34 17. 08 6. 8 74. 04 21. 25 95. 29 31. 71 12. 78 1. 34 98. 66 51. 09 39. 24 3. 49 42. 72 18. 84 5. 87 76. 79 6. 82 83. 61 36. 88 14. 96 1. 47 98. 53 55. 70 39. 96 11. 63 51. 59 19. 18 5. 99 71. 73 20. 88 92. 61 34. 43 10. 75 1. 13 98. 87 13. 44 3. 19 28. 97 8. 91 2. 87 20. 15 9 . 72 1. 83 19. 78 7. 08 1. 89 15. 20 7. 23 2. 17 13. 34 6. 88 2. 32 13. 06 7. 23 2. 97 15. 70 9. 85 2. 81 18. 81 7. 85 2. 79 16. 29 7. 09 2. 95 14. 26 12. 74 3. 00 18. 64 5. 51 9. 01 3. 71 (9. 88) 5. 79 9. 49 3. 87 (12. 04) (4. 36) (7. 29) (3. 00) (9. 07) (7. 58) (10. 82) (4. 65) (6. 33) (6. 09) (10. 03) (4. 14) (5. 30) (1. 23) (1. 79) (0. 85) (1. 71) 2. 34 3. 29 1. 76 4. 04 5. 39 7. 4 3. 74 7. 22 7. 39 9. 98 5. 92 6. 58 8. 59 11. 19 6. 72 10. 59 11. 15 12. 39 7. 23 11. 50 15 Table No. 5 Capital Fund to Risk Weighted Assets of COMMERCIAL BANKS Mid-July 2003 Mid-July 2004 Mid-July 2005 Mid-January 2006 Mid-July 2006 Mid-July 2007 Mid-July 2008 Mid-July 2009 Mid-July 2010 (Rs. in million) Mid-July 2011 Capital Fund to Risk Weighted Assets (%) Mid-July 2012 Capital Fund to Risk Weighted Assets (%) (5. 46) (9. 35) 12. 71 11. 82 16. 28 11. 90 11. 37 11. 86 11. 08 12. 58 11. 81 12. 85 23. 55 14. 60 13. 27 11. 81 11. 47 18. 25 12. 47 15. 54 14. 85 16. 81 12. 75 18. 38 14. 65 12. 53 24. 39 19. 11 20. 80 14. 19 23. 06 21. 81 443. 5 Banks Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Capital Fund to Fund to Fund to Fund to Fund to Fund to Risk Risk Risk Capital Fund Risk Risk Risk Capital Fund Capital Fund Capital Fund Capital Fund Capital Fund Weighte Weighte Weighte (In Million) Weighte Weighte Weighte d Assets d Assets d Assets d Assets d Assets d Assets (%) (%) (%) ( In %) (%) (%) (9449. 14) (21998. 92) 1455. 09 698. 24 1464. 85 1604. 21 686. 28 843. 26 703. 74 658. 31 269. 65 594. 51 361. 77 517. 87 390. 91 334. 58 355. 01 (28. 25) (44. 28) 13. 05 8. 85 14. 21 11. 03 13. 78 8. 11 12. 33 12. 05 6. 51 18. 87 11. 37 24. 75 15. 46 38. 56 41. 85 (8806. 67) (21009. 57) 1609. 2 1099. 38 1560. 16 1790. 57 671. 41 743. 80 766. 88 704. 86 223. 23 656. 36 337. 08 579. 38 570. 15 574. 56 383. 29 (24. 97) (42. 12) 13. 56 11. 18 15. 99 10. 62 10. 25 5. 61 11. 07 11. 18 3. 42 13. 75 8. 71 17. 82 12. 81 29. 13 19. 36 (7514. 79) (20288. 80) 1766. 07 1579. 21 1664. 36 2034. 01 744. 88 386 . 64 1247. 56 777. 45 404. 79 730. 99 274. 13 688. 84 701. 50 639. 44 413. 43 (19. 54) (40. 54) 12. 44 11. 58 16. 36 11. 10 9. 47 3. 02 13. 57 11. 22 5. 51 13. 29 6. 35 11. 36 11. 15 20. 72 13. 93 (7072. 25) (19693. 87) 1828. 89 1366. 69 1922. 27 2056. 96 897. 39 291. 67 934. 97 785. 65 269. 60 722. 35 88. 17 678. 32 739. 70 655. 09 562. 10 (30. 7) (59. 89) 12. 73 11. 30 19. 67 11. 26 12. 61 3. 10 12. 33 14. 37 5. 11 12. 10 3. 26 10. 61 10. 51 15. 84 15. 85 (5008. 40) (17865. 29) 2567. 79 2246. 10 2344. 60 2588. 90 1348. 08 835. 76 1414. 79 1216. 70 383. 77 1037. 50 (648. 20) 987. 90 961. 65 695. 40 641. 00 (29. 67) (50. 30) 15. 08 12. 36 19. 13 13. 10 15. 01 6. 70 12. 86 15. 71 5. 22 13. 62 (13. 29) 12. 98 12. 64 14. 18 14. 83 (6334. 74) (17265. 78) 2307. 63 2851. 62 2225. 28 2651. 37 1444. 80 (2707. 44) 1676. 12 1265. 83 (574. 91) 1208. 61 (435. 81) 1110. 67 1115. 21 921. 93 863. 82 1753. 24 487. 34 565. 12 (32. 47) (48. 45) 12. 04 12. 17 15. 71 12. 11 13. 29 (23. 55) 11. 19 12. 3 8 (9. 3) 12. 20 (7. 80) 12. 07 11. 20 12. 43 11. 84 4. 19 14. 69 21. 43 Capital Fund Capital Capital Capital Fund to Fund to Fund to Risk Risk Capital Fund Capital Fund Risk Weighted Weighted Weighted Assets Assets (%) Assets (%) (%) (22. 60) (44. 17) 11. 91 11. 31 16. 80 12. 50 12. 54 (16. 49) 11. 34 11. 47 11. 22 12. 96 5. 99 11. 30 14. 96 11. 16 11. 20 14. 93 11. 66 11. 80 13. 28 21. 30 14. 16 28. 23 36. 25 (5404. 00) (13823. 20) 4065. 20 5538. 10 3190. 40 3980. 70 2048. 40 855. 60 2875. 90 2067. 70 992. 00 1963. 70 998. 40 1776. 60 2060. 80 1721. 60 1630. 70 11206. 60 1054. 70 1116. 10 1131. 90 1143. 00 1493. 70 1929. 80 1642. 80 (14. 85) (37. 0) 11. 71 12. 10 14. 70 11. 31 12. 18 6. 62 11. 04 11. 91 10. 93 14. 60 17. 78 11. 61 11. 57 11. 49 10. 45 15. 79 9. 53 11. 65 10. 35 12. 45 13. 36 21. 02 20. 14 (4851. 80) (8617. 08) 3129. 41 3765. 16 3053. 00 3119. 88 2141. 89 1112. 24 2203. 62 1741. 60 1099. 00 1660. 25 1151. 52 1700. 20 1624. 51 1795. 60 1492. 79 8976. 24 1522. 28 1308 . 27 1329. 21 1534. 98 1582. 12 1883. 79 1816. 05 2045. 10 1400. 00 Capital Fund Capital Fund 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Nepal Bank Limited Rastriya Banijya Bank NABIL Bank Limited Nepal Investment Bank Limited Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Limited.Himalayan Bank Limited Nepal SBI Bank Limited Nepal Bangladesh Bank Limited Everest Bank Limited Bank of Kathmandu Limited Nepal Credit and Commerce Bank Limited Nepal Industrial & Commercial Bank Limited Lumbini Bank Limited Machhapuchhre Bank Limited Kumari Bank Limited Laxmi Bank Limited Siddhartha Bank Limited Agriculture Development Bank Ltd. Global Bank Ltd Citizens Bank International Ltd. Prime Commercial Bank Ltd Bank of Asia Nepal Ltd. Sunrise Bank Ltd. Development Credit Bank Ltd. NMB Bank Ltd. Kist Bank Ltd. Janata Bank Nepal Limited Mega Bank Nepal Limited Commerz and Trust Bank Nepal Limited Civil Bank Limited Century Commercial Bank Limited Sanima Bank Limited Total (5744. 60) (17162. 60) 3207. 70 3898. 50 3115. 40 3348. 00 1726. 00 (2151. 40) 2387. 13 1635. 16 734. 10 1626. 90 366. 90 1264. 17 1898. 80 1213. 24 1178. 00 6661. 59 767. 1 668. 00 776. 41 732. 10 707. 89 1318. 80 1286. 50 (11. 17) (4607. 70) (24. 08) (7422. 94) 11. 61 11. 69 17. 78 11. 02 14. 14 12. 87 10. 56 11. 45 14. 25 15. 30 24. 62 11. 18 13. 80 14. 99 10. 73 18. 05 11. 36 11. 28 11. 68 14. 86 11. 74 24. 03 20. 68 14. 83 67. 81 3835. 70 4585. 39 3371. 62 3439. 22 2508. 19 1845. 66 2759. 14 2071. 36 1523. 30 17649. 53 1442. 28 1773. 51 1966. 16 1912. 81 1877. 69 10903. 50 1563. 31 2144. 29 2410. 48 2091. 93 2182. 42 2032. 97 2169. 96 2089. 52 1446. 17 1682. 61 1400. 00 1200. 00 1100. 95 (9. 66) (3008. 00) (22. 52) (4738. 00) 11. 75 12. 09 17. 38 11. 45 11. 84 10. 53 10. 43 11. 62 13. 58 24. 49 14. 68 10. 86 14. 5 13. 21 11. 75 19. 95 11. 20 15. 57 16. 34 17. 41 14. 68 21. 23 17. 80 14. 49 36. 44 19. 33 28. 77 21. 28 42. 08 464. 49 6921. 00 7397. 00 5019. 00 5700. 76 3999. 00 2323. 00 4643. 10 3240. 64 1923. 00 2643. 00 2112. 00 2789. 00 2760. 00 2649. 55 3022. 00 16324. 00 3386. 00 2571. 03 3018. 74 2494. 08 2409. 00 2413. 00 2289. 00 2359. 99 2210. 82 1862. 00 1495. 00 1306. 00 1200. 00 2334. 00 97068. 72 (20509. 78) (12. 04) (17545. 71) (9. 07) (13750. 28) (6. 33) (12966. 30) (4. 72) (4251. 95) (5. 30) (4870. 10) (1. 71) 15460. 31 235. 00 37257. 20 241. 74 40719. 83 377. 06 74949. 02 16 Table No. 6 Non Performing Loan Status of Commercial Banks (Rs. n million) 2003 Banks Total Gross Loan NPL NPL to Total Gross Loan (%) 2004 Total Gross Loan 17937. 66 NPL NPL to Total Gross Total Loan Gross Loan (%) 2005 NPL NPL to Total Gross Total Loan Gross Loan (%) Mid – July 2006 NPL NPL to Total Gross Total Loan Gross Loan (%) 2007 NPL NPL to Total Gross Total Loan Gross Loan (%) 2008 NPL NPL to Total Gross Loan (%) 2009 Total Gross Loan NPL NPL to Total Gross Loan (%) 2010 Total Gross Loan NPL NPL to Total Gross Total Loan Gross Loan (%) 2011 NPL NPL to T otal Gross Loan (%) Total Gross Loan 2012 NPL NPL to Total Gross Loan (%) 5. 83 7. 27 2. 26 1. 98 0. 74 2. 06 0. 54 4. 29 0. 84 2. 30 2. 80 0. 73 0. 47 2. 69 2. 4 0. 62 2. 25 6. 35 1. 55 2. 01 0. 47 3. 22 3. 03 1. 25 2. 45 4. 90 0. 00 0. 49 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Nepal Bank Limited Rastriya Banijya Bank NABIL Bank Limited Nepal Investment Bank Limited Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Limited. Himalayan Bank Limited Nepal SBI Bank Limited Nepal Bangladesh Bank Limited Everest Bank Limited 18132. 33 10964. 91 26608. 83 16005. 32 8113. 68 5921. 79 6000. 16 10844. 60 4795. 84 7961. 51 5049. 58 4856. 03 3396. 41 2562. 86 2622. 36 1495. 86 2137. 59 775. 94 629. 03 449. 63 117. 09 247. 95 1092. 84 426. 90 1013. 28 111. 19 420. 87 700. 83 170. 69 306. 77 31. 10 36. 32 0. 00 0. 00 60. 47 60. 15 5. 54 1. 8 4. 13 10. 08 8. 90 12. 73 2. 20 8. 67 20. 63 6. 66 11. 70 2. 08 1. 70 0. 00 0. 00 9640. 08 53. 74 57. 64 3. 35 2. 47 3. 77 8. 88 6. 25 10. 81 1. 72 6. 66 12. 72 3. 92 7. 36 0. 98 0. 76 0. 00 1. 61 16866. 50 8372. 00 49. 64 50. 70 1. 32 2. 69 2. 69 7. 44 6. 54 19. 04 1. 63 4. 99 8. 64 3. 78 15. 23 0. 39 0. 95 1. 63 2. 58 12441. 59 23100. 87 13278. 78 13171. 54 9206. 28 15761. 97 8241. 45 9796. 38 10136. 25 7488. 70 5899. 16 6902. 10 4321. 58 6146. 57 7007. 78 4279. 80 3869. 27 33310. 75 2262. 18 8045. 50 182. 60 272. 49 195. 90 1040. 75 505. 30 2927. 00 129. 20 203. 60 1289. 90 179. 55 1339. 20 16. 92 64. 35 33. 50 33. 57 6858. 99 18. 18 34. 3 1. 38 2. 07 2. 13 6. 60 6. 13 29. 88 1. 27 2. 72 21. 87 2. 60 30. 99 0. 28 0. 92 0. 78 0. 87 20. 59 13756. 60 24871. 36 15903. 00 17769. 00 10790. 10 17793. 70 10065. 00 9169. 40 14082. 68 9694. 00 5122. 20 9128. 70 4944. 60 7319. 90 9062. 50 6529. 20 6319. 90 34440. 37 2601. 70 1856. 00 6876. 50 178. 30 421. 97 197. 10 641. 60 45. 80 3645. 90 113. 17 243. 29 1606. 87 1001. 10 1007. 00 85. 16 66. 20 23. 10 21. 50 6185. 29 0. 00 13. 49 27. 65 1. 12 2. 37 1. 83 3. 61 4. 56 39. 76 0. 80 2. 51 31. 37 1. 11 20. 37 1. 16 0. 7 3 0. 35 0. 34 17. 96 0. 00 15770. 70 27494. 60 21769. 80 27529. 30 13964. 40 20233. 90 12742. 60 9469. 60 18836. 40 12747. 0 5281. 00 11465. 46 5367. 40 8969. 80 11530. 80 9794. 40 9481. 20 36585. 40 5134. 07 4798. 30 5156. 00 2755. 30 4057. 69 3692. 54 2009. 9 1410. 80 5951. 80 171. 40 309. 40 128. 70 475. 80 464. 90 2945. 30 121. 00 223. 80 864. 00 98. 30 798. 20 92. 90 156. 00 12. 70 57. 00 4256. 20 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 79. 80 8. 95 21. 65 0. 79 1. 12 0. 92 2. 35 3. 65 31. 10 0. 64 1. 76 16. 36 0. 86 14. 87 1. 04 1. 35 0. 13 0. 60 11. 63 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 2. 16 19482. 25 31606. 96 27589. 93 36827. 16 13679. 76 25519. 14 15131. 75 7025. 65 24469. 56 14945. 72 7183. 68 13679. 39 5681. 39 12467. 19 14593. 57 13463. 35 13330. 80 32566. 53 9063. 9 8128. 11 9732. 59 7635. 76 8963. 62 6353. 98 1151. 40 4955. 97 220. 72 301. 98 90. 29 551. 21 305. 66 1355. 95 117. 45 189. 81 196. 83 123. 11 514. 73 342. 85 62. 75 6. 73 59. 99 2875. 62 8. 52 0. 00 0. 00 0. 76 13. 89 1 02. 93 5. 91 15. 68 0. 80 0. 82 0. 66 2. 16 2. 02 19. 30 0. 48 1. 27 2. 74 0. 90 9. 06 2. 75 0. 43 0. 05 0. 45 8. 83 0. 09 0. 00 0. 00 0. 01 0. 16 1. 62 0. 49 25086. 80 35692. 51 33030. 93 40948. 44 16176. 65 29123. 76 18023. 36 9119. 03 28156. 40 17113. 33 8387. 77 12929. 30 5272. 30 14972. 07 14938. 51 14736. 41 16895. 41 39375. 27 12163. 64 10924. 88 14102. 43 11229. 90 12235. 68 7500. 48 7931. 13 573. 20 4085. 02 45. 58 2. 8 11. 45 0. 14 0. 46 0. 54 3. 16 1. 47 1. 77 0. 16 1. 18 2. 71 0. 56 4. 66 1. 78 0. 40 0. 12 0. 42 8. 22 0. 61 0. 04 0. 21 0. 10 1. 34 1. 19 26709. 90 36866. 10 38922. 74 41887. 69 18662. 48 32968. 27 21718. 79 10237. 46 31661. 84 17956. 95 9229. 80 15165. 52 6213. 15 14732. 06 14926. 38 15389. 51 18647. 20 40389. 35 12779. 18 12514. 23 17083. 90 11873. 20 12434. 38 9043. 46 11343. 09 13437. 00 3584. 31 4816. 46 2486. 29 3155. 16 1187. 30 1410. 73 4024. 64 689. 85 245. 63 115. 80 1293. 38 245. 53 1963. 56 108. 40 326. 33 363. 40 90. 36 59. 73 660. 73 167. 90 1 38. 84 109. 57 3491. 50 321. 78 146. 18 81. 19 76. 62 427. 64 148. 55 30. 16 133. 60 . 28 10. 92 1. 77 0. 59 0. 62 3. 92 1. 13 19. 18 0. 34 1. 82 3. 94 0. 60 0. 96 4. 48 1. 12 0. 90 0. 59 8. 64 2. 52 1. 17 0. 48 0. 65 3. 44 1. 64 0. 27 0. 99 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 3. 20 29698. 86 40448. 44 42867. 78 42912. 08 19828. 51 35968. 62 26463. 67 10943. 16 36616. 83 19319. 14 12900. 60 17523. 19 6979. 19 16105. 66 17877. 54 16697. 06 20607. 30 45337. 64 20764. 49 14415. 39 19315. 41 12519. 13 14823. 53 11426. 71 12468. 48 14966. 53 7461. 29 8047. 82 5599. 15 7829. 82 4202. 19 612935. 20 1731. 63 2940. 36 969. 34 850. 42 147. 31 740. 64 143. 85 469. 38 307. 49 443. 39 361. 56 128. 55 32. 86 433. 17 399. 96 103. 70 463. 85 2880. 3 322. 77 289. 55 91. 06 402. 85 449. 26 142. 43 305. 85 734. 05 0. 00 39. 30 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 16325. 23 25105. 68 14470. 52 8548. 66 7338. 57 6693. 86 12919. 63 5531. 83 9644. 70 6095. 84 6008. 31 4717. 30 3743. 09 3222. 75 2540. 79 3697. 99 1750. 93 1567. 83 286. 68 181. 44 252. 20 1147. 46 345. 82 1042. 18 104. 76 399. 94 600. 05 146. 59 237. 30 24. 98 28. 19 0. 00 25. 22 27000. 90 13689. 30 10946. 74 10453. 16 8420. 87 13451. 17 6739. 35 9626. 91 7900. 09 6182. 05 6011. 90 4909. 36 3685. 13 5130. 22 5681. 01 2726. 14 2634. 93 144. 51 280. 87 226. 31 1001. 35 441. 02 1832. 94 128. 81 308. 51 519. 26 185. 43 561. 13 19. 86 53. 99 44. 49 67. 93 89. 82 87. 17 920. 29 264. 94 161. 50 43. 71 202. 08 227. 72 72. 40 245. 87 266. 27 60. 14 17. 73 70. 57 3235. 90 74. 47 4. 37 29. 97 11. 56 163. 60 89. 53 10 Bank of Kathmandu Limited 11 Nepal Credit and Commerce Bank Ltd 12 Nepal Industrial & Commercial Bank Ltd 13 Lumbini Bank Limited 14 Machhapuchhre Bank Limited 15 Kumari Bank Limited 16 Laxmi Bank Limited 17 Siddhartha Bank Limited 18 Agriculture Development Bank Ltd. 19 Global Bank Ltd. 20 Citizens Bank International Ltd. 21 Prime Commercial Bank Ltd 22 Bank of Asia Nepal Ltd. 23 Sunrise Bank Ltd. 24 Development Credit Bank Ltd. 25 NMB Ban k Ltd. 26 Kist Bank Ltd. 27 Janata Bank Nepal Ltd. 8 Mega Bank Nepal Limited 29 Commerz and Trust Bank Nepal Limited 30 Civil Bank Limited 31 Century Commercial Bank Limited Total 30. 5 1. 517488432 5194. 211 25. 45163 0 0 0 0 55. 83 0. 70394 24. 1 0. 19301 0 0 0 12486. 117 0 608. 3301 111904. 40 32095. 69 28. 68 127065. 40 28933. 41 22. 77 148366. 43 27877. 70 18. 79 194360. 82 25580. 50 13. 16 229363. 91 24215. 85 10. 56 306638. 36 18648. 50 6. 08 384315. 13 13574. 64 3. 53 469160. 83 11223. 34 2. 39 528023. 14 16871. 58 2. 66 17 Table No. 7 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of NEPAL BANK LTD. (Rs. In million) Mid-July Liabilities 1 CAPITAL FUND a. Paid-up Capital b. Calls in advance c Statutory Reserves d. Share Premium e. Retained Earning f. Others Reserves g. Exchange Fluctuation Fund 2 BORROWINGS a. NRB b. A†Class Licensed Institution c. Foreign Banks and Fin. Ins. d. Other Financial Ins. e. Bonds and Securities 3 DEPOSITS a. Current Domestic Foreign b. Savings Domestic Foreign c. Fixed Domestic Foreign d. Call Deposits e. Others 4 Bills Payable 5 Other Liabilities 1. Sundry Creditors 2. Loan Loss Provision 3. Interest Suspense a/c 4. Others 6 Reconcillation A/c 7 Profit & Loss A/c 2001 1125. 7 380. 4 544. 6 2002 1349. 5 380. 4 544. 6 2003 1449. 1 380. 4 557. 2 2004 1064. 3 380. 4 557. 2 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 (10347. 5) (10066. 5) (6056. 7) (5399. 8) (4958. 8) 380. 4 380. 4 380. 4 380. 4 380. 4 699. 3 1045. 3 1286. 8 1332. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 (11672. ) (11672. 7) (7877. 3) (7306. 4) 127. 4 180. 5 127. 7 193. 9 118. 1 0. 0 25. 7 0. 0 1124. 9 1717. 4 1604. 9 1820. 1 1124. 5 1717. 4 1604. 9 1820. 1 0. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 34744. 2 35444. 9 38715. 2 41451. 7 5714. 4 6030. 5 6761. 5 7799. 1 5522. 7 5873. 6 6605. 7 7639. 1 191. 8 156. 9 155. 8 160. 0 22671. 8 23547. 9 26425. 4 28545. 1 22665. 5 23538. 9 26412. 9 28530. 9 6. 3 9. 0 12. 5 14. 1 6269. 3 5790. 9 5393. 2 4757. 9 6263. 3 5784. 5 5387. 6 4752. 0 5. 9 6. 4 5. 6 6. 0 2. 8 0. 0 250. 0 86. 0 75. 6 135. 1 99. 6 169. 2 76. 1 92. 4 35. 9 36401. 0 23575. 4 10265. 5 9718. 7 814. 5 1641. 5 2362. 0 2556. 9249. 9 3269. 6 2376. 3 2141. 8 13629. 7 6456. 8 5090. 4 4510. 5 12707. 0 12207. 5 436. 8 510. 1 1768. 0 1056. 0 3085. 8 2033. 4 1399. 5 2329. 7 65259. 2 5886. 2 1020. 7 942. 5 78. 2 4315. 5 3793. 6 2626. 6 1167. 0 183. 8 183. 8 0. 0 0. 0 338. 1 550. 0 550. 0 13838. 6 11278. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 2560. 6 51. 2 0. 0 51. 2 17456. 0 16883. 7 572. 3 1073. 3 22. 6 21. 2 1029. 5 1. 3 1. 3 208. 9 15731. 5 12950. 6 161. 9 12788. 7 322. 4 147. 1 2311. 4 122. 3 169. 3 388. 4 10332. 2 65259. 2 54133. 0 5517. 4 1116. 5 1048. 4 68. 1 4400. 9 3702. 9 3702. 2 0. 7 291. 8 291. 8 0. 0 0. 0 406. 2 0. 0 0. 0 11776. 9 11776. 9 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 2644. 5 2597. 2 47. 12180. 4 11414. 9 765. 5 610. 7 1. 6 15. 3 593. 8 0. 0 0. 0 210. 6 10504. 9 6456. 0 128. 3 6327. 7 1314. 2 254. 9 513. 6 1966. 2 128. 0 798. 2 737. 4 9024. 0 54133. 0 47707. 1 7003. 6 1084. 9 1012. 9 72. 0 5918. 7 5112. 8 5125. 8 (13. 0) 327. 6 320. 0 7. 6 478. 3 0. 0 49660. 0 5055. 2 1180. 5 1120. 2 60. 3 3874. 7 2868. 8 2868. 8 0. 0 316. 4 316. 4 0. 0 0. 0 689. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 12918. 4 12918. 4 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 3733. 5 2426. 9 1306. 6 15480. 6 14809. 8 274. 8 396. 1 290. 1 7. 9 6. 1 276. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 229. 4 9382. 5 4510. 6 273. 2 4237. 4 1579. 9 131. 4 544. 8 2615. 7 90. 2 702. 6 1777. 5 49660. 0 1380. 0 0. 0 (6976. 4) 206. 2 51. 0 1970. 1970. 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 44346. 1 9572. 1 9382. 8 189. 3 31079. 7 31074. 0 5. 7 3579. 4 3572. 6 6. 8 0. 0 115. 0 56. 9 10191. 6 3273. 2 2188. 6 4046. 0 683. 8 3002. 2 54608. 8 9454. 8 1498. 6 1469. 1 29. 5 7556. 1 6519. 7 6487. 1 32. 6 452. 3 452. 3 0. 0 0. 0 584. 1 400. 0 400. 0 0. 0 10597. 9 10597. 9 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 2881. 1 2249. 0 632. 1 19261. 0 18208. 9 391. 3 660. 8 221. 2 9. 3 6. 6 205. 3 0. 0 200. 7 266. 2 264. 8 1. 4 0. 0 424. 6 215. 0 213. 7 1. 4 0. 0 511. 5 52. 4 52. 4 0. 0 0. 0 126. 7 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 35528. 6 5000. 7 34060. 1 4311. 7 34737. 4 4689. 5 36288. 5 6300. 0 20281. 6 19851. 5 21534. 5 22063. 0 9921. 8 9731. 8 396. 9 7481. 0 0. 0 324. 5 13947. 3 7. 8 157. 4 28191. 9 12. 4 104. 1 30090. 6 270. 0 174. 5 26711. 0 13947. 3 28191. 9 30090. 6 26711. 0 2010 (4851. 8) 380. 4 0. 0 1558. 8 0. 0 (7363. 0) 504. 0 68. 0 2125. 1 300. 0 0. 0 1825. 1 0. 0 0. 0 42129. 9 10540. 7 10342. 5 198. 2 27241. 3 27233. 9 7. 4 4241. 1 4234. 6 6. 5 0. 0 106. 8 47. 1 9280. 3 3934. 3 1527. 4 3285. 8 532. 8 934. 3 428. 6 50093. 5 9968. 6 1573. 7 1536. 8 36. 9 8394. 9 7350. 2 7319. 9 30. 3 350. 2 348. 6 1. 6 0. 0 694. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 4339. 8 4212. 4 127. 4 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 1476. 0 1332. 6 143. 4 25074. 2 24747. 4 326. 8 0. 0 12. 5 0. 1 6. 4 6. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 327. 9 8410. 0 3250. 0. 0 3250. 1 1634. 7 370. 9 276. 0 2878. 3 49. 2 435. 3 0. 0 0. 0 50093. 5 2011 (4607. 7) 380. 4 0. 0 1608. 7 0. 0 (7252. 4) 587. 6 68. 0 1842. 4 0. 0 0. 0 1842. 4 0. 0 0. 0 46804. 2 10915. 9 10674. 3 241. 6 27255. 8 27245. 7 10. 1 7482. 3 74 76. 1 6. 2 729. 4 420. 8 11. 1 10387. 7 5406. 2 1501. 0 3014. 7 465. 8 879. 0 383. 4 55700. 1 11238. 1 1568. 5 1537. 2 31. 3 9269. 6 8171. 0 8167. 7 3. 3 656. 3 656. 3 0. 0 0. 0 442. 3 400. 0 400. 0 0. 0 5582. 1 5582. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 2079. 8 1806. 4 273. 4 26637. 8 26607. 8 30. 0 0. 0 72. 1 0. 0 5. 6 66. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 308. 2 8855. 8 3014. 7 0. 0 0. 0 3014. 7 1703. 3 814. 9 0. 0 3322. 9 44. 5 381. 500. 6 0. 0 55700. 1 2012 (3084. 1) 1772. 8 0. 0 1634. 4 0. 0 (7190. 8) 631. 5 68. 0 2153. 8 0. 0 0. 0 2153. 8 0. 0 0. 0 56042. 6 12325. 2 12115. 1 210. 1 29980. 6 29971. 8 8. 8 11664. 6 11659. 6 5. 0 1649. 1 423. 1 73. 0 9510. 5 3591. 6 1696. 4 3311. 5 911. 0 (4030. 6) 406. 7 61071. 9 11991. 9 1939. 2 1914. 1 25. 1 10052. 7 8569. 8 8511. 1 58. 7 404. 4 404. 4 0. 0 0. 0 1078. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 6049. 3 6049. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 2423. 9 0. 0 0. 0 2423. 9 29551. 3 29551. 3 0. 0 0. 0 147. 5 0. 0 5. 0 142. 5 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 361. 9 8764. 9 3311. 5 0. 0 0. 0 3311. 5 1974. 8 889. 9 0. 0 25 88. 8 38. 5 309. 4 1433. 2 0. 0 61071. 9 Total Assets 50867. 63816. 6 8063. 8 1648. 9 1409. 9 239. 0 6410. 9 3307. 4 66329. 5 4770. 6 1420. 9 1198. 1 222. 8 3349. 7 2524. 1 64063. 8 6444. 0 969. 4 885. 9 83. 5 4452. 6 3783. 5 1 LIQUID FUNDS 8050. 5 a. Cash Balance 1784. 8 Nepalese Notes & Coins 1479. 4 Foreign Currency 305. 4 b. Bank Balance 6265. 7 1. In Nepal Rastra Bank 3050. 4 Domestic Currency Foreign Currency 2. â€Å"A†Class Licensed Institution 328. 1 Domestic Currency Foreign Currency 3. Other Financial Ins. 4. In Foreign banks 2887. 2 c. Money at Call 0. 0 Domestic Currency Foreign Currency 2 INVESTMENTS 6720. 0 a. Govt. Securities 6720. 0 b. NRB Bond c. Govt. Non-Fin. Ins. d. Other Non-Fin Ins. Non Residents 3 SHARE & OTHER INVESTMENT 56. 3 a. Interbank Lending b. Non Residents c. Others 4 LOANS & ADVANCES 21728. 8 a. Private Sector 21131. 0 b. Financial Institutions c. Government Organizations 597. 8 5 BILL PURCHED 234. 2 a. Domestic Bills Purchased b. Foreign Bil ls Purchased 234. 2 c. Import Bills & Imports 6 LOANS AGAINST COLLECTED BILLS 99. 3 a. Against Domestic Bills b. Against Foreign Bills 99. 3 244. 0 84. 8 129. 1 2859. 5 4. 1 740. 8 0. 0 540. 0 1022. 0 7115. 2 7115. 2 11722. 8 11722. 8 10593. 8 10593. 8 37. 6 59. 8 429. 9 13226. 3 13226. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 3057. 0 2045. 5 1011. 5 13377. 5 12424. 1 210. 7 742. 7 373. 1 6. 8 366. 3 0. 0 0. 0 189. 7 8933. 9 4146. 306. 8 3839. 2 1251. 2 293. 2 3243. 5 91. 6 838. 5 615. 9 47707. 1 20755. 6 20103. 4 652. 2 139. 2 139. 2 102. 7 102. 7 27602. 5 8793. 0 132. 1 8660. 9 19078. 1 18335. 1 743. 0 88. 4 88. 4 99. 6 99. 6 30510. 2 9772. 9 195. 1 9577. 8 19108. 0 18616. 7 491. 3 33. 7 33. 7 0. 0 0. 0 27454. 4 11498. 8 141. 0 11357. 8 7 FIXED ASSETS 8 OTHER ASSETS a. Accrued Interests Financial Institutions Govt. Entp. Private Sector b. Staff Loans / Adv. c. Sundry Debtors d. Cash In Transit e. Others 9 Expenses not Written off 10 Non Banking Assets 11 Reconcillation Account 12 Profit & Loss A/c 1 3978. 6 6958. 2 101. 9 6856. 3 265. 8 10569. 4 4044. 2 313. 8 3730. 1733. 7 409. 7 474. 1 3907. 6 76. 3 604. 1 677. 2 54608. 8 7020. 4 18809. 5 20737. 3 15955. 6 Total 50867. 7 63816. 6 66329. 5 64063. 8 18 Table No. 8 Statement of Assets & Liabilities of RASTRIYA BANIJYA BANK (Rs. In million) Mid-July Liabilities 1 CAPITAL FUND a. Paid-up Capital b. Calls in advance c Statutory Reserves d. Share Premium e. Retained Earning f. Others Reserves g. Exchange Fluctuation Fund 2 BORROWINGS a. NRB b. â€Å"A†Class Licensed Institution c. Foreign Banks and Fin. Ins. d. Other Financial Ins. e. Bonds and Securities 3 DEPOSITS a. Current Domestic Foreign b. Savings Domestic Foreign c. Fixed Domestic Foreign d. Call Deposits e.Others 4 Bills Payable 5 Other Liabilities 1. Sundry Creditors 2. Loan Loss Provision 3. Interest Suspense a/c 4. Others 6 Reconcillation A/c 7 Profit & Loss A/c 2001 1506. 7 1172. 3 2002 1538. 2 1172. 3 2003 1557. 5 1172. 3 266. 2 146. 9 146. 9 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 4050 0. 4 4864. 0 297. 7 156. 1 156. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 38964. 6 4639. 7 317. 0 161. 9 161. 9 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 39308. 6 4687. 9 18822. 1 18997. 2 20861. 2 16477. 2 15166. 6 13579. 5 0. 8 336. 3 31490. 7 6. 7 154. 4 35459. 2